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What are Cultural Rights? Protecting Groups With Individual Rights

机译：什么是文化权利？用个人权利保护团体

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摘要

This article explores the notion of cultural rights and argues for a particular way of conceiving of them. Cultural rights are mentioned in several international human rights covenants and declarations but these do not provide a detailed conception of what cultural rights are. It is argued that the best way to protect cultural groups is by conceiving of cultural rights as primarily individual rights and using this determination as the key to balancing between the interests of individuals and groups when working to protect culture. The protection of culture entails safeguarding an individual's ability to form, to maintain, to reinterpret, and even to leave a cultural group. The protection of the traditions and institutions that are the expressions of a culture is secondary to this goal. By making individual autonomy the center of the preservation of culture, it is possible to avoid the risks associated with reifying culture and possibly preventing it from evolving naturally. This argument will proceed in three parts. First, the use of the term “cultural right” in international human rights documents will be discussed. Second, some of the key concepts underlying cultural rights will be examined, including the meaning of culture and the distinction between individual and group rights. Finally, the conceptual and substantive meaning of cultural rights will be considered and discussed.
机译：本文探讨了文化权利的概念，并提出了一种文化权利的特殊构想。一些国际人权盟约和宣言中提到了文化权利，但是这些并未提供关于什么是文化权利的详细概念。有人认为，保护文化团体的最佳方法是将文化权利主要理解为个人权利，并将这一决心作为在保护文化时平衡个人利益和群体利益的关键。保护文化需要维护个人形成，维持，重新诠释甚至离开文化团体的能力。保护代表文化的传统和制度是该目标的第二要务。通过将个人自治作为文化保存的中心，有可能避免与使文化具体化相关的风险，并有可能阻止其自然发展。该论点分为三个部分。首先，将讨论国际人权文件中“文化权利”一词的使用。其次，将研究文化权利所基于的一些关键概念，包括文化的含义以及个人权利和群体权利之间的区别。最后，将考虑和讨论文化权利的概念和实质含义。

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