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Model for Total Dissolved Gas Supersaturation from Plunging Jets in High Dams

机译：高坝大喷头总溶解气体过饱和度模型

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摘要

The total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation that results from dam spillage may cause adverse effects, including increases in the risk of gas-bubble disease and mortality in fish. The accurate prediction of TDG levels is necessary in the exploration of measures for ameliorating the effects of TDG supersaturation. Based on an analysis of the mechanisms of hydropower projects with a plunging jet that produces high TDG levels, the process of TDG generation is divided into three stages. In Stage 1, TDG levels return to normal during jet spillage in air; in Stage 2, gas is dissolved in the stilling basin under high pressure; and in Stage 3, the TDG is abruptly released at the outlet of the stilling basin. According to previous research on Stage 1, the TDG level of water entering stilling basins can reach 100%. Experiments were carried out to estimate the TDG levels in Stage 2 under different pressures and retention times, and these experiments indicated that a TDG level above equilibrium saturation (G0) displays a linear relationship with the average pressure (P) and a negative exponential relationship with retention time (tR). Experiments were also conducted using physical models of the Songta and Yangfanggou dam projects in China to develop a method for estimating the retention time in stilling basins. The resulting formula for estimating the retention time is a function of the water depth in the stilling basin (hk), length of the stilling basin (l), distance between the toe of the dam and impact point of the jet (l0), and the dimensionless number at the stilling basin outlet . For Stage 3, in which the abrupt release of TDG occurs, field measurements were used to determine the values of the parameters used in the abrupt release expression contained in the model. By combining the results for the three stages, a predictive model of TDG levels was obtained. TDG observations collected at six different hydropower projects in China were used for validation. Substantial agreement between predictions and measurements was found. This work may provide a scientific basis for the production of precise predictive models of TDG levels, and it has considerable application value in assessing the effects of TDG and minimizing the risks posed by elevated TDG levels to aquatic life.
机译：大坝溢出导致的总溶解气体（TDG）过饱和可能会造成不利影响，包括增加气泡疾病的风险和鱼类的死亡率。在探索减轻TDG过饱和影响的措施中，必须准确预测TDG的水平。基于对产生高TDG水平的射流的水力发电项目机制的分析，将TDG的产生过程分为三个阶段。在阶段1中，当空气喷射溢出时，TDG含量恢复正常。在第二阶段中，气体在高压下溶解在消融池中。在第3阶段，TDG在消静盆出口突然释放。根据对第一阶段的先前研究，进入消沉池的水的TDG水平可以达到100％。进行了实验以估计在不同压力和保留时间下第二阶段的TDG含量，这些实验表明，高于平衡饱和度（G0）的TDG含量与平均压力（P）呈线性关系，而与平均压力（P）呈负指数关系。保留时间（tR）。还使用中国的松塔和羊房沟水坝项目的物理模型进行了实验，以开发一种估算静水盆地停留时间的方法。得出的用于估计停留时间的公式是消隐池中水深（hk），消隐池长度（l），坝脚趾与射流冲击点之间的距离（l0）以及消音盆出口处的无因次数。对于发生TDG突然释放的第3阶段，使用现场测量来确定模型中包含的突然释放表达式中使用的参数值。通过结合三个阶段的结果，获得了TDG水平的预测模型。验证了在中国六个不同水电项目中收集到的TDG观测值。发现预测和测量之间的实质一致性。这项工作可以为建立精确的TDG水平预测模型提供科学依据，并且在评估TDG的影响以及最大程度地降低TDG水平升高对水生生物造成的风险方面具有重要的应用价值。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》 |2019年第1期|04018082.1-04018082.10|共10页
  • 作者

    Lu Jingying; Li Ran; Ma Qian; Feng Jingjie; Xu Weilin; Zhang Faxing; Tian Zhong;

  • 作者单位

    Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, 24 South Sect 1,Ring Rd 1, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China;

    Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, 24 South Sect 1,Ring Rd 1, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China;

    Chongqing Jiaotong Univ, Southwestern Hydraul Engn Res Inst Water Transpor, Xuefu Ave 66, Chongqing 400016, Peoples R China;

    Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, 24 South Sect 1,Ring Rd 1, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China;

    Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, 24 South Sect 1,Ring Rd 1, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China;

    Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, 24 South Sect 1,Ring Rd 1, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China;

    Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, 24 South Sect 1,Ring Rd 1, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, Peoples R China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Total dissolved gas; Supersaturation generation; Predictive model; Retention time; Abrupt release;

    机译：总溶解气体;过饱和生成;预测模型;保留时间;突然释放;

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