...
首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Hydraulic Engineering >Air Demand of Low-Level Outlets for Large Dams
【24h】

Air Demand of Low-Level Outlets for Large Dams

机译:用于大型水坝的低级出口的空气需求

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           

摘要

Low-level outlets are key safety elements of reservoir dams, especially for structures with high heads. Their main purpose is the regulation and-if required-rapid drawdown of the reservoir water level in case of maintenance works or structural damage to the dam. A common outlet configuration for high-head structures uses a high-pressure vertical slide gate discharging into a free-flow tunnel. The high-speed water jet in the outlet tunnel leads to considerable air entrainment and transport, resulting in negative air pressures, which can aggravate problems with gate vibration, cavitation, and slug flow. Sufficient air supply via an air vent mitigates such problems. However, current methods for estimating the required air demand do not incorporate all factors affecting design of air vents for low-level outlets. Therefore, tests were conducted in a 20.6-m-long hydraulic scale model at heads up to 30 m, to improve the general understanding of aeration processes, to determine the governing parameters affecting air demand, and to formulate a new air demand design equation. The results show that air demand is mainly a function of the Froude number at the vena contracta. Furthermore, the new design equation enables quantifying the effects of the air vent loss coefficient, air vent size, tunnel slope, and tunnel length on air demand.
机译:低级出口是水库坝的关键安全元件,特别是对于高头的结构。他们的主要目的是在维护工作或对大坝的结构损坏的情况下,水库水位的规定和 - 如果需要的储存水平。用于高头结构的常见出口配置使用高压垂直滑动栅极排出到自由流动隧道中。出口隧道中的高速水射流导致相当大的空气夹带和运输,导致负空气压力,这可以加剧栅极振动,空化和块状流的问题。通过空气通风口的足够的空气供应减轻了这些问题。然而,目前估计所需空气需求的方法不纳入影响低级出口的空气通风口设计的所有因素。因此,在高达30米的顶部的60.6米长的液压尺度模型中进行测试,以改善对曝气过程的一般理解,以确定影响空气需求的管理参数,并制定新的空气需求设计方程。结果表明,空气需求主要是VENA Contracta的FRoude号码的函数。此外,新的设计方程使得能够量化空气通风损失系数,空气通气尺寸,隧道斜率和隧道长度对空气需求的影响。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Journal of Hydraulic Engineering》 |2020年第8期|42-52|共11页
  • 作者单位

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Lab Hydraul Hydrol & Glaciol TAW CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Swiss Competence Ctr Energy Res CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland;

    Swiss Fed Inst Technol Lab Hydraul Hydrol & Glaciol TAW CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号