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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Hydraulic Engineering >Characteristics of Free Surface Vortices at Low-Head Hydropower Intakes
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Characteristics of Free Surface Vortices at Low-Head Hydropower Intakes

机译：低水头水电站进水口自由涡旋的特征

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摘要

Tools for engineers who assess and optimize hydropower intakes are provided to help them measure and quantify the characteristics of free surface vortices (characteristic radius, bulk circulation, tip depth, nominal depression slope) that form at the intakes. Accessible methods are proposed for measuring and modelling vortex characteristics and the processes that affect their generation and strength. Common mechanisms that produce and strengthen the vortices (flow separation, shear, asymmetric approach flow) are discussed. An analytical model, based on Burgers's vortex model and laboratory measurements, is described that incorporates the effect of the approach flow and intake geometry on vortex characteristics. Simple measurement techniques (acoustic Doppler velocimetry and surface particle tracking velocimetry) are presented by which the flow and vortex characteristics can be documented, allowing the model to be adjusted to the particularities of the specific intake under consideration. The analytical model is then used to help understand how the different processes affect the scaling of vortex characteristics.
机译：提供了用于评估和优化水电进水口的工程师的工具，以帮助他们测量和量化在进水口处形成的自由表面涡旋的特征（特征半径，整体循环，尖端深度，名义下沉坡度）。提出了可访问的方法来测量和建模涡旋特性以及影响其生成和强度的过程。讨论了产生并加强涡流的常见机制（流动分离，剪切，非对称进场流动）。描述了一种基于Burgers涡模型和实验室测量值的分析模型，该模型结合了进场流量和进气几何形状对涡特性的影响。提出了简单的测量技术（声学多普勒测速仪和表面粒子跟踪测速仪），通过该技术可以记录流量和涡旋特性，从而可以根据所考虑的特定进气口的特性来调整模型。然后使用分析模型来帮助了解不同过程如何影响涡旋特性的缩放。

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