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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrologic engineering >Transport and Retention of Water and Salt within Pervious Concrete Pavements Subjected to Freezing and Sand Application
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Transport and Retention of Water and Salt within Pervious Concrete Pavements Subjected to Freezing and Sand Application

机译：透水混凝土路面中冻结和喷砂后水和盐的运输和保留

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摘要

Pervious concrete pavement can effectively reduce both the volume of water and the concentration of many sediment-associated contaminants in urban runoff. However, chloride from road salt is recognized as a threat to surface and groundwater resources because it is a conservative ion and does not readily bind to soil particles. To better understand and manage water resources in urban environments experiencing annual freeze-thaw cycles, this study examines the impact of road salt (sodium chloride) and sand applications on water and chloride movement in pervious concrete structures in a laboratory setting. Water movement and salt retention were characterized within pervious concrete slabs under frozen and thawed conditions. Laboratory experiments were repeated using both brine (23% salt solution) and fresh water as well as varying additions of sand (typical of winter sand application rates in Canada) to provide a range of temperatures experienced in cold-climate urban environments. Performance testing (via infiltration capacity) was conducted to assess the suitability of pervious concrete in climates where road sand and salt application is necessary. For all experimental conditions studied, chloride was rapidly transported through the pervious concrete. The complete freezing of pore water throughout the concrete slab reduced water and salt movement within the concrete matrix, while sand application reduced water movement through pores and delayed peak flow. The infiltration capacity of the pervious concrete structures, as tested, exceeds the probable maximum water loading rate that will be encountered in Southern Ontario, Canada, with or without sand, frozen or unfrozen. From a groundwater management and source water protection perspective, the data indicate that pervious concrete pavement structures may contribute to chloride contamination of groundwater if used in salt vulnerable areas and groundwater recharge zones.
机译：透水混凝土路面可有效减少城市径流中的水量和许多与沉积物相关的污染物的浓度。但是，由于盐是一种保守的离子，并且不易与土壤颗粒结合，因此，从公路盐中提取的氯化物被认为是对地表和地下水资源的威胁。为了更好地理解和管理经历每年冻融循环的城市环境中的水资源，本研究在实验室环境中研究了道路盐（氯化钠）和砂土应用对透水混凝土结构中水和氯离子运动的影响。在冻结和融化条件下，透水混凝土板的水运动和盐分保持力得到了表征。使用盐水（23％的盐溶液）和淡水以及不同的沙子添加量（加拿大典型的冬天使用沙子的比例）重复进行实验室实验，以提供在寒冷气候的城市环境中遇到的一系列温度。进行了性能测试（通过渗透能力），以评估透水性混凝土在需要铺路和撒盐的气候中的适用性。在所研究的所有实验条件下，氯化物均迅速通过透水混凝土运输。整个混凝土板上的孔隙水完全冻结，减少了混凝土基质中的水和盐分运动，而砂土施用则减少了水通过孔隙的运动并延迟了峰值流量。经测试，渗透性混凝土结构的渗透能力超过了在有或没有沙子，冷冻或未冷冻的加拿大安大略南部地区可能遇到的最大水负荷率。从地下水管理和源水保护的角度来看，数据表明，透水混凝土路面结构如果在盐分脆弱地区和地下水补给区使用，可能会导致地下水的氯化物污染。

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