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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrologic engineering >Storm Centering Approach for Flood Predictions from Large Watersheds
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Storm Centering Approach for Flood Predictions from Large Watersheds

机译：大型流域洪水预报的风暴集中方法

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摘要

Most storm water numerical models assume that the entire watershed area is covered by the design storm and shall be considered as the tributary area to the design point. Care must be taken when simulating storm runoff generation from a large watershed because the rain storm may only cover a portion of the watershed. Because the area-averaged rainfall depth decays with respect to the storm-cover area, the experience of the larger the watershed, the higher the flood flow is no longer true. In this study, a storm centering technique is developed to identify the conservative size of a storm cell so that the design runoff rate and volume can be maximized among various locations of a storm center. Without any storm water detention in the watershed, the product of a tributary area and area-weighted rainfall depth serves as the indicator of runoff accumulation through the waterway. When taking detention basins into consideration, the effect of flow attenuation is converted into an equivalent tributary area that is used to maximize the runoff volume at the design point. This maximization procedure has been tested by the Lower Detention Basin designed and built in Las Vegas. The method is simple, but sensitive enough to identify the critical storm size for conservative designs.
机译：大多数雨水数值模型都假定整个集水区都被设计暴雨所覆盖，应被视为设计点的支流区域。模拟大流域的暴雨径流生成时必须小心，因为暴雨可能仅覆盖部分流域。由于面积平均降雨深度相对于风暴覆盖区域有所衰减，因此经验表明，分水岭越大，洪水流量就越大。在这项研究中，开发了一种风暴对中技术来识别风暴单元的保守大小，以便可以在风暴中心的各个位置之间最大化设计径流率和体积。在流域中没有任何雨水滞留的情况下，支流面积与面积加权降雨深度的乘积可作为径流在水道中积累的指标。当考虑滞洪盆地时，流量衰减的影响被转换为等效支流面积，该支流面积用于最大化设计点的径流量。最大化程序已在拉斯维加斯设计和建造的下拘留盆地进行了测试。该方法很简单，但是足够敏感，可以确定保守设计的关键风暴大小。

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