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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of institutional economics >Constitutional bargaining and the quality of contemporary African institutions: a test of the incremental reform hypothesis
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Constitutional bargaining and the quality of contemporary African institutions: a test of the incremental reform hypothesis

机译：宪法谈判与当代非洲制度的质量：增量改革假说的检验

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The incremental reform hypothesis implies that constitutions are rarely adopted whole cloth but instead emerge gradually from a series of reforms. The starting point, scope for bargaining, and number of reforms thus jointly determine the trajectory of constitutional history. We test the relevance of this theory for Africa by analysing the formation and reform of the independence constitutions negotiated and adopted during the 1950s and early 1960s. We provide historical evidence that independence occurred in a manner consistent with the incremental reform hypothesis. After independence, constitutional bargaining continued, although the alignment of interests inside and outside government initially favoured illiberal reforms. Liberal trends re-emerged a few decades later. We provide statistical evidence of incremental reform during both post-independence sub-periods. In general, the African countries that experienced the fewest constitutional moments and the narrowest domain of bargaining in the first decades of independence tend to have better contemporary institutions than states that began with less restrictive constitutional rules and experienced more constitutional moments.
机译：渐进式改革假说意味着，宪法很少被整体采用，而是从一系列改革中逐渐出现。因此，谈判的起点，谈判的范围和改革的数量共同决定了宪法的历史轨迹。我们通过分析1950年代和1960年代初谈判和通过的独立宪法的形成和改革，检验了这一理论对非洲的意义。我们提供的历史证据表明，独立性以与增量改革假设相一致的方式发生。独立后，尽管政府内部和外部的利益一致最初支持自由改革，但宪法谈判仍在继续。几十年后，自由主义潮流重新出现。我们提供了独立后两个时期内渐进式改革的统计证据。一般而言，在独立的头几十年中经历最少宪法时刻和讨价还价范围最狭窄的非洲国家，其现代制度往往比那些起初限制性宪法规则较少，经历宪法时刻更多的国家拥有更好的当代制度。

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