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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of international relations and development >Conservative soft power: liberal soft power bias and the 'hidden' attraction of Russia
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Conservative soft power: liberal soft power bias and the 'hidden' attraction of Russia

机译：保守的软实力：自由软实力的偏见和俄罗斯的“隐藏”吸引力

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摘要

The study of soft power in international relations suffers from a liberal democratic bias. Throughout the literature, liberal concepts and values are assumed to be universal in their appeal. This bias has led scholars to underestimate Russian soft power by instrumentalising it, that is, to see it purely as the effect of government-sponsored programmes, and to focus primarily on the cultural pillar of soft power. This paper argues, alternatively, that Russia's conservative values and illiberal governance models generate admiration and followership, even outside of what Russia claims to be its post-Soviet sphere of influence. Crucially, this admiration and followership perform the traditional function of soft power: generating support for controversial Russian foreign policy decisions. Admitting that soft power can be based on conservative values is necessary not only to understand Russia's foreign policy potential, but also the ability of non-Western states to challenge successfully the Western liberal order.
机译：对国际关系中软实力的研究受到自由民主偏见的困扰。在整个文献中，自由主义的概念和价值观被认为具有普遍性。这种偏见导致学者通过对其进行工具化而低估了俄罗斯的软实力，也就是说，纯粹将其视为政府资助计划的影响，而主要关注软实力的文化支柱。另外，本文认为，俄罗斯的保守价值观和非政府治理模式即使在俄罗斯声称是其后苏联势力范围之外，也引起了钦佩和追随。至关重要的是，这种钦佩和追随者履行了软实力的传统职能：为有争议的俄罗斯外交政策决策提供支持。承认软实力可以建立在保守的价值观基础上，不仅对了解俄罗斯的外交政策潜力是必要的，而且对于非西方国家成功挑战西方自由主义秩序的能力也是必要的。

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