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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of legal affairs and dispute resolution in engineering and construction >Change Orders on Road Maintenance Contracts: Causes and Preventive Measures
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Change Orders on Road Maintenance Contracts: Causes and Preventive Measures

机译：道路养护合同变更单：成因及预防措施

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A Delphi study was conducted with maintenance engineers of state DOTs in the United States to identify the causes and preventive measures of change orders (COs) in road maintenance projects. Five road maintenance activities that are frequently conducted were selected in order to identify the causes and preventive measures of COs; these were chip seal, striping, asphalt overlay, slope repairs, and debris removal. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values, which showed the overall agreement of the respondents as to the causes and preventive measures of COs, were determined. It was found that the respondents had excellent agreement with the causes of change orders for all activities (ICC > 0.75), except for the causes of change orders for chip seal. This study found that the main causes of COs on maintenance projects were due to incorrect work scope, errors in the estimate, changes in the original plan, and changes in specifications for materials, as well as failure to verify the work site conditions before signing a contract. In addition, the respondents showed a high level of agreement with the preventative measures of COs for all types of maintenance activities (ICC > 0.82). Some important preventive measures to reduce COs that were identified included reviewing the specifications before bid solicitation, preparing accurate estimates, reviewing design drawings, measuring the work done with the contractor, and performing a thorough geotechnical site investigation before designing. Identifying the causes and preventive measures of COs in road maintenance projects can provide valuable information for maintenance engineers to help them plan maintenance work so that a significant amount of COs can be reduced in these types of projects. This paper will also provide a summary of causes and measures to minimize COs in a format that can be easily used by state DOT engineers in their road maintenance contracts.
机译：与美国各州DOT的维护工程师进行了Delphi研究，以确定道路维护项目中变更单（CO）的原因和预防措施。为了确定CO的原因和预防措施，选择了五项经常进行的道路养护活动；这些是切屑密封，剥离，沥青覆盖，边坡修复和碎屑清除。确定了组内相关系数（ICC）值，该值表明了受访者对CO的成因和预防措施的总体认同。结果发现，除了芯片密封变更单的原因外，受访者与所有活动的变更单的起因（ICC> 0.75）完全一致。这项研究发现，维护项目的CO的主要原因是由于工作范围不正确，估算错误，原始计划的变更以及材料规格的变更，以及未在签署维护合同之前核实工作现场条件所致。合同。此外，受访者对所有类型的维护活动的CO预防措施表示高度认同（ICC> 0.82）。确定的一些重要的减少CO的预防措施包括：在招标之前检查规格，准备准确的估算，检查设计图纸，测量与承包商的工作量以及在设计之前进行全面的岩土现场调查。确定道路维护项目中CO的原因和预防措施可以为维护工程师提供有价值的信息，以帮助他们计划维护工作，从而可以在这些类型的项目中减少大量的CO。本文还将以州DOT工程师在其道路养护合同中可以轻松使用的格式，总结将CO降至最低的原因和措施。

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