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On the Design, Implementation, Analysis, and Prototyping of a 1- μs, Energy-Efficient, Carrier-Class Optical-Ethernet Switch Router

机译：关于1-μs节能型电信级光以太网交换路由器的设计，实现，分析和原型设计

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The integration of layer-2 carrier-class packet technologies with optical transport network is termed as packet-optical integration and is being deployed by service providers for migration from legacy SONET/SDH systems. We present a state-of-the-art carrier-class switch router that facilitates packet-optical integration, thereby achieving best of both the optical and packet worlds. The premise of this switch router is the use of carrier ethernet technology as a packet enabler for achieving statistical multiplexing at fine granularities, while maintaining rich operations, administration, maintenance, and provisioning features. To this end, we proposed the omnipresent ethernet concept that uses binary routing and source routing to support: 1) layer 2 and layer 3 switching and routing, 2) low latency of the order of 1–5 μs even for layer 3 processing, and 3) low-energy consumption. The omnipresent ethernet framework leads to a software defined networking solution, whereby a centralized controller admits services and configures nodes based on homogenous networking parameters. In this paper, we report a commercial implementation of a packet-optical network demonstrated by our designed, fabricated, developed carrier ethernet switch router (CESR). We discuss the architectural considerations, design, and implementation of both the hardware and the control software. A switch architecture achieving 1-μs port-to-port delay across layers 1, 2, and 2.5 based on an opportunistic principle of virtual output queuing is showcased. The novelty is a scalable 96-Gbps cross connect fabric implemented in a field programmable gate array using a two-stage buffer system. A multistate software defined control plane is also reported. An exact analysis of the switch architecture using a combinatorial G/G/1 model is developed. An energy audit of the CESR is showcased. A test bed in the lab replicating a field deployment is presented. An e- haustive set of test cases are developed to test our designed CESR. Results are shown for latency, throughput, service support, frame-size stability, power, and bit error rate, thus validating our design.
机译：第2层运营商级分组技术与光传输网络的集成称为分组光集成，服务提供商正在对其进行部署，以从传统SONET / SDH系统进行迁移。我们提供了一种最先进的电信级交换路由器，该路由器可促进分组光学集成，从而在光学和分组领域都达到最佳。该交换路由器的前提是使用载波以太网技术作为数据包使能器，以实现精细的统计复用，同时保持丰富的操作，管理，维护和配置功能。为此，我们提出了无所不在的以太网概念，该概念使用二进制路由和源路由来支持：1）第2层和第3层交换和路由； 2）即使对于第3层处理，低延迟约为1-5μs；以及3）低能耗。无所不在的以太网框架导致了软件定义的网络解决方案，通过该解决方案，集中式控制器根据同质网络参数接受服务并配置节点。在本文中，我们报告了由我们设计，制造，开发的运营商以太网交换路由器（CESR）演示的分组光网络的商业实现。我们讨论了硬件和控制软件的体系结构考虑，设计和实现。展示了一种基于虚拟输出排队的机会性原理，在第1、2和2.5层上实现1-μs端口到端口延迟的交换机体系结构。新颖之处在于可扩展的96 Gbps交叉连接结构，使用两级缓冲系统在现场可编程门阵列中实现。还报告了多状态软件定义的控制平面。开发了使用组合G / G / 1模型的交换机架构的精确分析。展示了CESR的能源审核。提出了实验室中复制现场部署的测试台。开发了一套详尽的测试用例来测试我们设计的CESR。结果显示了延迟，吞吐量，服务支持，帧大小稳定性，功率和误码率，从而验证了我们的设计。

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