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首页> 外文期刊>Lightwave Technology, Journal of >Multi-Dimensional Formats and Transceiver Architectures for Direct Detection With Analysis on Inter-Polarization Phase Modulation
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Multi-Dimensional Formats and Transceiver Architectures for Direct Detection With Analysis on Inter-Polarization Phase Modulation

机译：用于直接检测的多维格式和收发器体系结构以及极化间相位调制分析

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摘要

We review the evolution of modulation formats designed for direct detection, from on-off keying intensity modulation (IM) of a single polarization to three-dimensional formats where the intensity of both polarizations and the interpolarization phase are all independently modulated. We present the transmitter and receiver architectures capable of modulating an increasing number of dimensions, all orthogonal to each other. We detail the digital signal processing for Stokes vector receivers capable of recovering all three dimensions of a lightwave via self-beating direct detection, performing simultaneously polarization derotation and mitigation of intersymbol interference. We also analyze two different transmitter architectures modulating all three dimensions where the interpolarization phase is modulated over two levels using either a direct phase modulator (DPM) or a binary phase modulator, also called a BPSK modulator. We study the impact of increasing the bandwidth efficiency from 4 to 5 b/symbol by adding two level modulation of the interpolarization phase of a dual-polarization 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) signal on the signal quality of the PAM4 IM on the polarization bearing the phase modulator by modeling the optical fields generated by both architectures. Assuming equal quality of the driving signals to the PAM4 and phase modulator, we show that a DPM minimizes the impact on PAM4 for short reach direct detect systems operating close to the zero dispersion wavelength where chromatic dispersion is negligible.
机译：我们回顾了为直接检测而设计的调制格式的演变，从单极化的开关键控强度调制（IM）到其中极化强度和极化间相位均被独立调制的三维格式。我们介绍了能够调制越来越多的尺寸（彼此正交）的发射机和接收机架构。我们详细介绍了斯托克斯矢量接收器的数字信号处理，该斯托克斯矢量接收器能够通过自拍直接检测恢复光波的所有三个维度，同时执行偏振消旋和减轻符号间干扰。我们还分析了两种不同的发射机架构，这些架构调制了所有三个维度，其中使用直接相位调制器（DPM）或二进制相位调制器（也称为BPSK调制器）在两个级别上调制了极化相位。我们研究了通过在双极化4级脉冲幅度调制（PAM4）信号的互极化相位上增加两级调制对PAM4 IM信号质量的影响来将带宽效率从4 b / s符号提高到5 b / sym。通过对两种架构产生的光场进行建模，使相位调制器产生偏振。假设到PAM4和相位调制器的驱动信号质量相同，我们表明对于在零色散波长附近工作且色散可忽略不计的短距离直接检测系统，DPM可以最大程度地减少对PAM4的影响。

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