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首页> 外文期刊>Journal for maritime research >Barbary's slow death: European attempts to eradicate North African piracy in the early nineteenth century
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Barbary's slow death: European attempts to eradicate North African piracy in the early nineteenth century

机译：巴巴里的缓慢死亡：十九世纪初欧洲企图铲除北非海盗

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摘要

In many works on the late Barbary period, Stephen Decatur's 1815 attack and Lord Exmouth's 1816 bombardment on Algiers are frequently seen as the end of the Barbary corsairs. This article challenges that idea by examining the 15-year period from Napoleon's Hundred Days through French colonisation when Western powers repeatedly attacked the Barbary States. Despite the attention received by Decatur or Exmouth's attacks, neither eliminated the corsairs nor did any attack that followed. The end of the Napoleonic wars changed European power relations making the Barbary corsairs intolerable; Britain's responsibility for and protection of small Italian states (the bulk of the corsairs prey) continued after the war. Britain's new position as 'protector' of the Mediterranean and the Congress of Vienna's denouncement of piracy eliminated European tolerance for the corsairs as demonstrated by the 10 different attacks on Barbary between 1815 and 1830. Post-war instability and repeated environmental crises across North Africa also weakened the Barbary States. Corsairs endured beyond Exmouth's bombardment, and piracy lasted in North Africa beyond French invasion of Algiers. Changes in European power relations eliminated the corsair institution through the colonisation of Barbary, not isolated attacks on its ports.
机译：在巴巴里后期的许多作品中，斯蒂芬·迪凯特（Stephen Decatur）1815年的袭击和埃克斯茅斯勋爵（Lord Exmouth）1816年对阿尔及尔的轰炸通常被视为巴巴里海盗的终结。本文通过回顾从拿破仑的百日到法国殖民统治的15年时期（当时西方列强反复袭击巴巴里国家），对这一想法提出了挑战。尽管迪凯特（Decatur）或埃克斯茅斯（Exmouth）的袭击引起了人们的关注，但他们并没有消除海盗，也没有随后的袭击。拿破仑战争的结束改变了欧洲的强权关系，使巴巴里海盗难以忍受。战后，英国对意大利小国（海盗船的大部分）的责任与保护仍在继续。英国作为地中海“保护者”的新立场以及维也纳国会谴责海盗行为，消除了欧洲对海盗的宽容，这在1815年至1830年间对巴巴里的10次不同袭击中得到了证明。战后动荡和北非反复出现的环境危机削弱了巴巴里国家。海盗船不但受到埃克斯茅斯的轰炸，而且海盗袭击在北非持续到法国入侵阿尔及尔为止。欧洲权力关系的变化通过巴巴里的殖民化，而不是对其港口的孤立袭击，消除了海盗船的机构。

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