Tears and the manly sailor in England, c. 1760-1860

Joanne Begiato (Bailey)

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Tears and the manly sailor in England, c. 1760-1860

机译：英格兰的眼泪和男子汉c。 1760-1860

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This article explores the apparent paradoxes in representations of the British Jack Tar in order to reconsider the ways in which his figure came to embody idealised attributes of manliness in the period 1760-1860. Naval historians have revealed that images of sailors were closely related to ideas about class, sex, and nation, identifying distinctive types of Jack Tar such as the drunken carouser, the fatalistic, fearless but simple Tar, and the domesticated family man. Notions of heroism changed over the period too. The officer was the hero in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and notions of valour only extended to the lower ranks by the mid-nineteenth century. Thus the picture is of the ordinary tar emerging as manly hero once his character was scrubbed clean of its less salubrious aspects. This article argues that there were not diverse and distinct Jack Tars successively climbing the ladder of morality over time. The tar was not sanitised and civilised, but was given feelings. In particular, tears identified the sailor as a man of feeling as well as a fearless fighter, stressing his tenderness, fidelity, duty, and self-sacrificing love for his brother sailor, his 'Poll', and his nation. But he still loved grog, dance, and girls. The Jack Tar was thus the everyman, which aided his popularity and democratised the manly hero.

机译：本文探讨了英国杰克·塔尔（Jack Tar）表现形式中的明显悖论，以重新考虑其形象体现1760-1860年男子气概的理想属性的方式。海军历史学家发现，水手的形象与关于阶级，性别和民族的观念密切相关，可以识别出杰克·塔尔（Jack Tar）的独特类型，例如醉酒的旋转木马，宿命，无畏但简单的塔尔和被驯化的有家室的人。在此期间，英雄主义的观念也发生了变化。该军官是18世纪和19世纪初的英雄，英勇的观念直到19世纪中叶才扩展到较低的级别。因此，这张图片是普通的焦油油画成的男子气概的英雄，一旦他的角色被擦洗掉了，它的有益程度就降低了。本文认为，随着时间的流逝，没有各种各样和独特的杰克·塔尔斯（Jack Tars）逐渐攀登道德阶梯。焦油没有经过消毒和文明处理，但是有感觉。尤其是，眼泪使他成为了一个有感情的人，也是一个无所畏惧的战士，强调了他对兄弟水手，“民意测验”和他的国家的柔情，忠诚，义务和自我牺牲的爱。但是他仍然爱熟料，舞蹈和女孩。因此，杰克·塔尔（Jack Tar）是每个人，这有助于他的知名度并使这个男子气概的英雄民主化。

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《Journal for maritime research》 |2015年第2期|117-133|共17页
作者
Joanne Begiato (Bailey);
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作者单位

Department of History, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK;

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正文语种 eng
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关键词
Manliness; masculinity; tears; sailor; Jack Tar; sensibility; heroism;

机译：男子气概;阳刚之气眼泪水手;杰克·塔尔感性;英雄主义;

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Tears and the manly sailor in England, c. 1760-1860

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