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首页> 外文期刊>Journal for maritime research >Cut adrift or towed astern: sailors' wives in mid-nineteenth century Portsea Island considered in perspective
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Cut adrift or towed astern: sailors' wives in mid-nineteenth century Portsea Island considered in perspective

机译：漂流或拖曳的船尾：从十九世纪中叶的波特西岛看待水手的妻子

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摘要

For nineteenth-century Royal Navy sailors, whalers, fishermen, ferrymen, and merchant seamen, seafaring meant different things: longer or shorter absences at sea, larger or smaller crews, better or worse pay, greater or lesser danger, and differing public perceptions of their seafaring identities. What these mariners had in common was life in a self-contained, almost exclusively male community, surrounded by the sea. Sailors' women, meanwhile, existed in their many thousands on shore, relating to the seafarer as his spouse, mother, grandmother, sister, the parent of his illegitimate child, as foster carer to his motherless offspring, or as purveyor of nursing care, alcohol, or sexual services. They were members of a wider civilian community to whom breadwinner absence was not the norm, and for whom the term "sailors' women" had ambiguous connotations. This paper takes as its focus a community of women in mid-nineteenth-century Portsea Island, Hampshire, whose lives were formally connected with Royal Navy sailors via ties of kinship and financial obligation. It considers these naval women alongside non-seafarers' wives living in the same community, while maritime and military comparators are provided in the form of spouses of New England whalers and Victorian soldiers' wives. Drawing upon naval allotment registers, parish records, census returns, and newspaper reports, it argues that just as seafaring varied from trade to trade, so the lives of "sailors' women" varied more widely than this portmanteau term suggests. It concludes that while our understanding is enhanced by seeing them in terms relative to their menfolk and to other female contemporaries, they should also be considered as women with identities of their own.
机译：对于19世纪的皇家海军水手，捕鲸者，渔民，轮渡员和商船海员来说，航海意味着不同的事情：海上缺勤时间长或短，船员人数多或少，薪水或多或少，危险程度或高或低，以及公众对他们的航海身份。这些水手的共同之处是生活在一个被海洋包围的独立，几乎是男性的社区中。同时，水手们的妇女在岸上成千上万，与海员有关，他是其配偶，母亲，祖母，姐姐，私生子的父母，是其无母亲后代的寄养者，或者是护理提供者，酒精或性服务。他们是更广大的平民社区的成员，没有养家糊口的人不是常客，并且“水手妇女”一词的含义不明确。本文以19世纪中叶汉普郡的波特西岛上的一个妇女社区为关注焦点，该妇女的生活通过亲属关系和经济义务正式与皇家海军水手联系在一起。它考虑到这些海军妇女与非海员的妻子生活在同一个社区，而海上和军事比较者则以新英格兰捕鲸者和维多利亚时代士兵的妻子的配偶形式提供。利用海军分配登记簿，教区记录，人口普查返回和报纸报道，该研究认为，正如航海在贸易之间变化一样，“水手妇女”的生活变化也比这个港口术语所暗示的更为广泛。结论是，虽然通过相对于男性和其他当代女性来了解她们，可以增进我们的理解，但她们也应被视为具有自己身份的女性。

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