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首页> 外文期刊>Journal for maritime research >Emma Hamilton, war, and the depiction of femininity in the late eighteenth century
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Emma Hamilton, war, and the depiction of femininity in the late eighteenth century

机译：艾玛·汉密尔顿（Emma Hamilton），战争和18世纪后期的女性气质

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This article considers how representations of gender in late-eighteenth-century England were influenced by age group, social class, naval rank and the context of war. In particular, it looks at the way in which Admiral Nelson's adulterous relationship with Emma Hamilton was depicted, focusing on James Gillray's caricature of Emma in Dido, in despair! (1801). In the print, Gillray hints at Emma's pregnancy and at the recent birth of Nelson's illegitimate child in London. This essay sets public representations of Emma in context, examining contemporary anxieties about gender boundaries and public attitudes towards women in wartime. It compares this naval print of Emma with those featuring army officers during both the earlier American Revolutionary War and the war against Napoleon. The Dido figure is one that Gillray had employed several times before to illuminate the plight of women who had been cruelly abandoned or mistreated by their lovers. His earlier prints had depicted the female victim in a sympathetic light. In Dido, in despair!, on the other hand, Emma is treated more harshly, owing to the negative response of London society to Nelson's philandering, the openness with which he conducted the affair, and to the particular constraints in wartime on the behaviour of women who aspired to gentility.
机译：本文考虑了18世纪末期英国的性别代表性如何受到年龄段，社会阶层，海军职级和战争背景的影响。特别是，它着眼于描绘纳尔逊海军上将与艾玛·汉密尔顿的通奸关系的方式，着重于绝望的詹姆士·吉雷对迪多的艾玛的讽刺画！ （1801）。在印刷品中，吉列暗示了艾玛（Emma）的怀孕和尼尔森（Nelson）在伦敦的私生子的最近出生。本文以背景为背景，以艾玛（Emma）的公众形象为背景，考察了当代对性别界限和战时公众对妇女态度的焦虑。它比较了艾玛的这种海军印记与早期美国独立战争和对拿破仑的战争中的军官人物。迪多（Dido）的形象是吉尔雷（Gillray）之前雇用过的几次，以阐明被情人残酷抛弃或虐待的妇女的困境。他较早的作品以同情的眼光描绘了女性受害者。另一方面，在狄多（Dido）绝望中！艾玛（Emma）受到更严厉的对待，这是由于伦敦社会对纳尔逊（Nelson）的缠扰，他的the昧行为持开放态度，以及战时对纳粹行为的特殊限制而产生的负面反应。渴望温柔的女性。

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