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Carbon aerogel evolution: Allotrope, graphene-inspired, and 3D-printed aerogels

机译：碳气凝胶的演变：同素异形体，石墨烯启发的和3D打印的气凝胶

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摘要

Carbon aerogels (CAs) are a unique class of high surface area materials derived by sol-gel chemistry. Their high mass-specific surface area and electrical conductivity, environmental compatibility, and chemical inertness make them very promising materials for many applications, such as energy storage, catalysis, sorbents, and desalination. Since the first CAs were made via pyrolysis of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF)-based organic aerogels in the late 1980s, the field has really grown. Recently, in addition to RF-derived amorphous CAs, several other carbon allotropes have been realized in aerogel form: carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, graphite, and diamond. Furthermore, the popularity of graphene aerogels has inspired research into aerogels made of a host of graphene analog materials (e.g., boron nitride, transition metal dichalcogenides, etc.), with potential for an even wider array of applications. Finally, the development of three-dimensional-printed aerogels provides the potential for CAs to have an even broader impact on energy-related technologies. Here, we will present recent work covering the novel synthesis of RF-derived, CNT, graphene, graphite, diamond, and graphene analog aerogels.
机译：碳气凝胶（CAs）是一类独特的通过溶胶-凝胶化学衍生的高表面积材料。它们的高比表面积和电导率，环境相容性以及化学惰性使它们成为许多应用中非常有希望的材料，例如储能，催化，吸附剂和脱盐。自从1980年代末通过基于间苯二酚-甲醛（RF）的有机气凝胶的热解制备第一批CA以来，这一领域确实得到了发展。最近，除了RF衍生的非晶CA外，还以气凝胶形式实现了其他几种碳同素异形体：碳纳米管（CNT），石墨烯，石墨和金刚石。此外，石墨烯气凝胶的普及激发了对由多种石墨烯类似物材料（例如，氮化硼，过渡金属二卤化物等）制成的气凝胶的研究的潜力，其有可能用于更广泛的应用领域。最后，三维打印的气凝胶的开发为CA提供了对与能源相关的技术产生更广泛影响的潜力。在这里，我们将介绍涵盖RF衍生，CNT，石墨烯，石墨，金刚石和石墨烯类似物气凝胶的新型合成方法的最新工作。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Materials Research》 |2017年第22期|4166-4185|共20页
  • 作者

    Swetha Chandrasekaran; Patrick G. Campbell; Theodore F. Baumann; Marcus A. Worsley;

  • 作者单位

    Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA;

    Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA;

    Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA;

    Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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