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Introduction

机译：介绍

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Energy is a scarce resource.~1Nevertheless, heat (thermal energy) can be found escaping unused almost everywhere you look. In the future, exploiting waste heat to produce reusable energy may contribute to the more efficient utilization of existing resources by using so-called energy harvesting or waste heat recovery approaches. Highly efficient, cost-effective thermoelectric (TE) generators are being proposed to convert waste heat in automobiles and large-scale industrial plants, such as furnaces and refuse incinerators, into reusable energy-with no moving parts. Thermoelectrics, as a recycler of "nomadic" energy supplies, will play an important role in complementing renewable energies and furthermore make a significant contribution to climate protection. In particular, the automotive market could play a very key role in the advance of thermoelectrics: in the near future based on exhaust energy conversion and longer term for e-cars that have distributed climate control and Li-battery power. It is projected that TE materials for climate-controlled seats and zonal cooling applications may be large markets.~2 Up until about 1990, thermoelectric applications mainly involved three classes of materials: Ⅴ_2-Ⅵ_3-compounds (such as Bi_2Te_3 alloys); Ⅳ-Ⅵ-compounds (such as PbTe), and the Ⅳ-Ⅳ group alloys (e.g., Si_(1-x)-Ge_x).~(3,4) Since recent methods from the field of nanotechnology have been used, the quality of materials-and by association efficiency of conversion-has improved significantly.5 To compete in the automotive industry requires the cost-effective production of large tonnages of TE materials. Consequently, many R&D efforts are concentrated on alternative materials, which occur abundantly, in contrast to tellurium, and can be isolated at low cost and with high purity.
机译：能源是一种稀缺资源。〜1尽管如此，在您所看到的几乎所有地方都可以发现热量（热能）逃逸掉了。将来，通过利用所谓的能量收集或余热回收方法，利用余热产生可重复利用的能源可能有助于更有效地利用现有资源。提出了一种高效，经济高效的热电（TE）发电机，用于将汽车和大型工业工厂（例如熔炉和垃圾焚化炉）中的废热转化为可再生能源，而没有活动部件。热电作为“游牧”能源的回收者，将在补充可再生能源方面发挥重要作用，并为气候保护做出重大贡献。特别是，汽车市场在热电技术的发展中将扮演非常关键的角色：在不久的将来，将基于废气能量转换以及具有分布式气候控制和锂电池电源的电动汽车的长期发展。预计用于气候控制座椅和区域冷却应用的TE材料可能会有很大的市场。〜2直到1990年左右，热电应用主要涉及三类材料：Ⅴ_2-Ⅵ_3-化合物（例如Bi_2Te_3合金）； Ⅳ-Ⅵ化合物（例如PbTe）和Ⅳ-Ⅳ族合金（例如Si_（1-x）-Ge_x）。〜（3,4）由于使用了纳米技术领域的最新方法，因此材料的质量以及相关联的转换效率得到了显着改善。5要在汽车行业中竞争，需要经济高效地生产大吨位的TE材料。因此，许多研究工作都集中在替代材料上，与碲相反，替代材料大量存在，并且可以低成本和高纯度分离出来。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Materials Research》 |2011年第15期|p.1743-1744|共2页
  • 作者

    Terry M. Tritt; Harald Bottner;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634;

    Fraunhofer Institute for Physical Measurement Techniques (fPM), D-79110 Freiburg, Germany;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);
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