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Effect of mechanical vibration on the microstructure and thermal fatigue behavior of cast hot work die steel

机译：机械振动对铸态热作模具钢组织和热疲劳性能的影响

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摘要

Vibrational energy has been used in many processesnwithin the metallurgical and engineering field [1]. Differentnmethods have been used to apply vibration duringnsolidification. A review of the literature [2–17] revealsnthat the application of mechanical, electromagnetic,nsonic, and ultrasonic vibration has a number of notableneffects such as grain refinement, increased density,ndegassing, shrinkage, as well as the shape, size andndistribution of the second phase. However, it was alsonreported that electromagnetic and ultrasonic vibration arencostly and requires tremendous amount of current to beneffective [2]. Comparatively, mechanical vibration (MV)nis used more commonly because of its simplicity and lowncost. MV as a technique for grain refinement was firstnreported early in the last century by Sokoloff [3]. Laterna process was conceived for treating molten metals withnhigh frequency MV [4]. It was found that gas inclusions,ndross and slag were brought to the surface by the process.nThis produced uniform, fine-grained castings, and increasednthe toughness, ultimate tensile strength and yieldnstrength of the cast material. Fisher [5] used vibrationntreatment on Al–Si alloy, and showed a reduction in thengrain size and the primary dendrites were also reducednin size. Recently, Kocatepe and Burdett [6] applied MVnto two types of LM6 alloy, one with grain refiner andnsodium and the other with no additions. They have foundnthat the grain size of the unmodified alloy was reducednby 52% by subjecting it to vibration, while the grainnrefinement was 76% for the modified alloy. Several othernresearchers have investigated the effect of MV on thenmicrostructure of castings [7–10]. The beneficial effect ofnMV was observed with several types of metals, e.g., zinc,nbrass, aluminum, etc. The effects include promotion ofnnucleation and thus reducing as-cast grain size, reducingnshrinkage porosities due to improved metal feeding, andnproducing a more homogenous metal structure.
机译：在冶金和工程领域[1]，振动能已用于许多过程中。在固结过程中，已使用不同的方法来施加振动。文献综述[2-17]揭示，机械振动，电磁振动，非超声振动和超声振动的应用具有许多显着的影响，例如晶粒细化，密度增加，脱气，收缩以及形状，尺寸和分布的不均匀性。第二阶段。然而，也没有报道电磁和超声波振动成本高昂，并且需要大量电流才能发挥作用[2]。相比较而言，机械振动（MV）由于其简单性和低成本而更常用。 MV作为一种晶粒细化技术是上个世纪初由Sokoloff提出的[3]。设想了Laterna工艺来处理具有高频率MV的熔融金属[4]。结果发现，该过程将气体夹杂物，杂质和炉渣带到表面。这产生了均匀，细粒的铸件，并提高了铸件的韧性，极限抗拉强度和屈服强度。 Fisher [5]对Al-Si合金进行了振动处理，结果显示晶粒尺寸减小，初级枝晶尺寸也减小。最近，Kocatepe和Burdett [6]将MVn应用于两种类型的LM6合金，一种使用晶粒细化剂和钠，另一种不添加。他们发现，未经改性的合金通过振动使其晶粒尺寸减小了52％，而经改性的合金的晶粒细化率为76％。其他几位研究者已经研究了MV对铸件显微组织的影响[7-10]。观察到nMV对几种类型的金属（例如锌，黄铜，铝等）的有益作用。其作用包括促进成核作用，从而减小铸态晶粒尺寸，由于改进的金属进料而减少缩孔率，并产生更均质的金属结构。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Materials Science》 |2006年第8期|2529-2532|共4页
  • 作者

    Y. H. Liang; Y. G. Zhao; Q. D. Qin; E. Y. Shang; Q. C. Jiang;

  • 作者单位

    Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University at Nanling Campus;

    Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University at Nanling Campus;

    Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University at Nanling Campus;

    Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University at Nanling Campus;

    Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University at Nanling Campus;

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