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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of military ethics >'DREAMS OF BATTLE': A SMALL WINDOW INTO THE EVOLUTION OF US ARMY TACTICAL ETHICS, 1921-2009
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'DREAMS OF BATTLE': A SMALL WINDOW INTO THE EVOLUTION OF US ARMY TACTICAL ETHICS, 1921-2009

机译：“战斗的梦想”：进入1921-2009年美国陆军战术伦理演变的小窗口

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摘要

E. D. Swinton's The Defence of Duffer's Drift: A Lesson in the Fundamentals of Small Unit Tactics, originally published in 1904, uses the device of a series of recurring but progressive nightmares to teach a set of tactical lessons that Swinton derived from his service in the Second Anglo-Boer War. Now a minor classic, The Defence of Duffer's Drift has had an enduring and international impact. The book's popularity has also led to the publication of several narratives inspired by the original, many of them authored by serving members of the US Army. Although this subset of the 'progeny' of Swinton's work are focused on teaching tactical lessons, read together they provide a small but fascinating window into the evolution of the US Army's understanding of the ethics of armed conflict at the tactical level. The texts that are the focus of this paper span a period of 88 years, covering the post-First World War emphasis on positional warfare, through the shift to a focus on large-scale mechanized warfare that reached its apogee in the Cold War, to the early approach to fighting insurgents in Iraq and, ultimately, to the population-centric approach of counterinsurgency propounded by General Petraeus and his advisers.
机译：ED史文顿（ED Swinton）于1904年首次出版的《达弗的漂流防御：小部队战术基础知识课》使用一系列反复但渐进的噩梦的手段来讲授史文顿从第二次服役中获得的一系列战术课程。英布尔战争。现在是次要的经典作品，《达弗的漂流防御》在世界范围内产生了持久的影响。该书的受欢迎程度还导致出版了许多受原著启发的叙述，其中许多由美国陆军在职人员撰写。尽管斯文顿工作的“后代”子集中于战术课的教学，但将它们一起阅读，它们为美国陆军在战术层面上对武装冲突伦理学认识的演变提供了一个小而迷人的窗口。作为本文重点的文章涵盖了长达88年的时间，涵盖了第一次世界大战后对阵地战的强调，从对在冷战中达到顶峰的大规模机械化战争的关注，到早期与伊拉克叛乱分子作战的方法，最终是由彼得雷乌斯将军及其顾问提出的以人口为中心的平叛方法。

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