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Synthesis and Characterizations of ZnO Nanoparticles forApplication in Electromagnetic Detectors

机译：用于电磁探测器的ZnO纳米粒子的合成与表征

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Electromagnetic (EM) waves are able to distinguish between water and hydrocarbons due to their high difference in resistivity value. The method that uses EM technology to explore hydrocarbon is called Seabed Logging (SBL). Due to high demand of hydrocarbons, improvement of this technology is needed. The paper consists of modelling of the prototype of EM transmitter and receiver for hydrocarbons exploration. EM transmitter consists of carbon nanotubes (CNT), aluminium wire with magnetic feeder in toroidal shape. ZnO-CNTs-PVDF composites are used for EM detection. The XRD analysis showed a clear diffraction peak of [101] plane at 36° of the 20. Raman spectra were obtained for ZnO synthesised at 200℃ and 300℃ temperatures. The initial permeability, Q-factor and relative loss factor were measured using vector network analyser. Results show high value of Q-factor (-43) of the ZnO-CNTs at frequency between 20-30 MHz. The nanoparticles also show low relative loss factor for frequencies above 10 MHz. The grain size, morphology and shape of the particles were characterized using FESEM and revealed rod-like structures. The CNT dipole transmitter system using improved CNT dipole antenna and CNT-ZnO detector record an enhancement of 192% and can be used for hydrocarbon detection.
机译：电磁（EM）波由于电阻率值的高差异而能够区分水和碳氢化合物。使用EM技术勘探碳氢化合物的方法称为海底测井（SBL）。由于碳氢化合物的高需求，因此需要对该技术进行改进。本文包括用于油气勘探的电磁发射器和接收器原型的建模。 EM变送器由碳纳米管（CNT），带有电磁馈线的环形铝线组成。 ZnO-CNTs-PVDF复合材料用于EM检测。 XRD分析显示在20°的36°处[101]面的清晰衍射峰。获得了在200℃和300℃温度下合成的ZnO的拉曼光谱。使用矢量网络分析仪测量初始渗透率，Q因子和相对损耗因子。结果表明，在20-30 MHz之间的频率下，ZnO-CNT的Q值（-43）很高。对于高于10 MHz的频率，纳米粒子的相对损耗因数也较低。用FESEM表征颗粒的晶粒尺寸，形态和形状，并显示出棒状结构。使用改进的CNT偶极天线和CNT-ZnO检测器的CNT偶极发射器系统记录了192％的增强，可用于碳氢化合物检测。

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