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Factor reduction and clustering for operational risk in software development

机译：减少因子并进行集群以消除软件开发中的操作风险

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摘要

Software development failures frequently emerge as a result of the failure to understand and identify risks. The aim of this paper is to identify the most salient risk factors present during a software development project's life cycle, in terms of their occurrence likelihood and impact on cost overrun. A questionnaire was sent to 2000 software development companies, IT consultancy and management companies and web development companies in the United Kingdom, United States, mainland Europe, Canada, Australia, India, China, Japan and other Asian countries, asking respondents to evaluate a number of risk factors. Because many factors were closely related, we applied a factor reduction and clustering process to the results to allow a smaller number of crucial risk factors to be identified. The three main clusters of risk factors we identified are feasibility studies, project team management and technology requirements. While a feasibility study may be unlikely to take place, it can have a significant impact on project outcomes. In contrast, project team management is likely to occur but has a relatively small impact on outcomes in comparison with technology requirements. Professionals will need to apply checks and balances to these factors and generate risk mitigation plans to reduce the severity of project failures. Our results allow them to connect the probability of risk factor occurrence and overall impact, so they can focus their limited resources on reducing the most pertinent risks in their projects.
机译：由于无法理解和识别风险，经常会出现软件开发失败的情况。本文的目的是确定在软件开发项目生命周期中存在的最显着的风险因素，包括它们的发生可能性和对成本超支的影响。向英国，美国，欧洲大陆，加拿大，澳大利亚，澳大利亚，印度，中国，日本和其他亚洲国家的2000家软件开发公司，IT咨询和管理公司以及Web开发公司发送了调查问卷，要求受访者评估一些风险因素。由于许多因素密切相关，因此我们对结果应用了因素减少和聚类过程，以便可以识别出较少的关键风险因素。我们确定的三个主要风险因素组是可行性研究，项目团队管理和技术要求。尽管可能不会进行可行性研究，但它可能会对项目成果产生重大影响。相反，项目团队的管理很可能会发生，但是与技术要求相比，对结果的影响相对较小。专业人士将需要对这些因素进行制衡，并​​制定风险缓解计划，以降低项目失败的严重性。我们的结果使他们能够将风险因素发生的可能性与总体影响联系起来，因此他们可以将有限的资源集中用于减少项目中最相关的风险。

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  • 来源
    《The Journal of Operational Risk》 |2014年第3期|53-88|共36页
  • 作者

    Faizul Azli Mohd-Rahim; Chen Wang; Halim Boussabaine; Hamzah Abdul-Rahman; Lincoln C. Wood;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Quantity Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;

    Department of Quantity Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;

    School of Architecture, Leverhulme Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;

    President's Office, International University of Malaya-Wales, 50408 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;

    Faculty of Business and Law, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand and School of Information Systems, Curtin University, Perth, Australia;

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