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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of organizational behavior >Specifying organizational contexts: systematic links between contexts and processes in organizational behavior
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Specifying organizational contexts: systematic links between contexts and processes in organizational behavior

机译：指定组织环境：组织行为中环境与流程之间的系统链接

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Work contexts both shape and are shaped by the individuals who interact within them. This deceptively simple idea challenges researchers to construct theories, design studies and analyse data in a way that captures relationships between contexts and phenomena over time and across levels of analysis (Kozlowski & Klein, 2000). The Journal of Organizational Behavior emphasizes the importance of understanding organizational contexts and of including more detail and theory about the context for organizational behaviour (Johns, 2001; Rousseau & Fried, 2001). Over time, a concern with universal relationships that were independent of context, has given way to a focus on how work settings and other organizational contexts interact with the processes important to organizational behaviour (Heath & Sitkin, 2001).rnThe papers in this special issue show ways of developing more systematic studies of organizational context. By systematic, I mean that that context of the study is theorized as a conceptual construct, operationalized as a variable in the study and that variance associated with the context is directly incorporated in the analyses. These requirements coincide with Rousseau and Fried's (2001, p. 9) 'Tier 2' approach to contextualizing, which is based on direct observation and analysis of contextual effects. They distinguished this approach from others based on rich description of a particular context or comparative studies involving highly distinct contexts. The systematic approach in the current papers is important for developing a better theoretical and empirical and understanding of context.rnThis special issue is comprised of four papers, although one paper was published in an ealier issue (Daniels, Tregaskis, & Seaton, 2007), three empirical papers adopt the requirements for directly integrating context into the theory and research method, and one paper focuses on theoretical implications. In this introduction, I address two fundamental questions about organizational contexts posed by Johns (2001): what is organizational context and how does context operate in relation to organizational behaviour? The four papers in this special issue provide further direction for answering these questions about the nature of context in organizational behaviour.
机译：工作环境既可以塑造，也可以由在其中进行交互的个人塑造。这个看似简单的想法挑战了研究人员构建理论，设计研究和分析数据的方式，以捕获随时间推移以及跨不同分析级别的上下文和现象之间的关系（Kozlowski＆Klein，2000）。组织行为杂志强调理解组织环境的重要性，并包括组织行为环境的更多细节和理论（Johns，2001； Rousseau＆Fried，2001）。随着时间的流逝，人们开始关注与上下文无关的通用关系，而将注意力集中在工作环境和其他组织上下文如何与对组织行为重要的过程进行交互上（Heath＆Sitkin，2001）。展示了开发更系统的组织环境研究的方法。系统地讲，我的意思是将研究的上下文理论化为概念构建，在研究中作为变量进行操作，并且与上下文关联的方差直接纳入分析中。这些要求与Rousseau and Fried（2001，p.9）的“第二层”语境化方法相吻合，该方法基于对语境效果的直接观察和分析。他们基于对特定上下文的丰富描述或涉及高度不同上下文的比较研究，将该方法与其他方法区分开。当前的论文中的系统方法对于发展更好的理论和实证以及对上下文的理解非常重要。尽管本期特刊由四篇论文组成，但该论文共出版了四篇（Daniels，Tregaskis和Seaton，2007年），三篇实证论文采用了将上下文直接整合到理论和研究方法中的要求，而一篇论文则侧重于理论意义。在本引言中，我解决了Johns（2001）提出的有关组织环境的两个基本问题：什么是组织环境，以及环境如何与组织行为有关？本期特刊中的四篇论文为回答有关组织行为中背景性质的这些问题提供了进一步的指导。

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