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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Paleolimnology >Palaeoecological tools for improving the management of coastal ecosystems: a case study from Lake King (Gippsland Lakes) Australia
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Palaeoecological tools for improving the management of coastal ecosystems: a case study from Lake King (Gippsland Lakes) Australia

机译：改善沿海生态系统管理的古生态工具：澳大利亚金湖（Gippsland Lakes）的案例研究

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摘要

Since European settlement began over 200 years ago, many southeast Australian coastal lakes and lagoons have experienced substantial human impacts, including nutrient enrichment. Present day management and conservation efforts are often hampered by a lack of data on pre-impact conditions. We used a palaeoecological approach at Lake King, Gippsland Lakes, southeast Australia in order to determine its pre-impact condition and to establish the nature and direction of subsequent environmental changes, including responses to the construction of a permanent entrance to the sea in 1889. A 120 cm sediment core was analysed for diatoms, chlorophyll a, total carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, and dated using 210Pb. Past phosphate and salinity concentrations were reconstructed using diatom-phosphate and diatom-salinity transfer functions developed from a calibration set based on 53 sites from 14 southeast Australian coastal lakes and lagoons. Results show changes in the diatom assemblage that record a shift from a brackish-water to marine diatom flora since construction of the permanent entrance. Phosphate concentrations increased at the same time and experienced major peaks in the 1940s and 1950s to >100 μg/l. Chlorophyll a concentrations were generally below 24 μg/l/gTOC in the core, but there has been a clear increase since the 1980s, peaking at 120 μg/l/gTOC, likely associated with a recorded increase in the frequency of nuisance algal blooms. These results indicate that the Lake King environment is now very different to that present during early European settlement. We conclude that by identifying the nature and direction of environmental change, palaeoecological studies can contribute towards developing realistic and well-informed management, conservation and restoration strategies in Australian coastal ecosystems.
机译：自200多年前欧洲人开始定居以来，澳大利亚东南部的许多沿海湖泊和泻湖都经历了对人类的重大影响，包括营养富集。缺乏有关影响前状况的数据，常常阻碍了当今的管理和保护工作。为了确定其撞击前的状况并确定随后环境变化的性质和方向，包括在1889年对永久性出海口的建造的响应，我们在澳大利亚东南部的吉普斯兰湖金湖上采用了古生态方法。分析了一个120 cm沉积物芯中的硅藻，叶绿素a，总碳，氮和硫，并使用210 Pb标明了日期。使用基于14个澳大利亚东南沿海湖泊和泻湖的53个站点的校准集开发的硅藻磷酸盐和硅藻盐度传递函数，重建了过去的磷酸盐和盐度浓度。结果表明，自从建造永久性入口以来，硅藻组合的变化记录了从微咸水到海洋硅藻菌群的转变。磷酸盐浓度同时升高，并在1940年代和1950年代经历了主要峰值，达到> 100μg/ l。核心中叶绿素a的浓度通常低于24μg/ l / gTOC，但是自1980年代以来一直明显增加，达到120μg/ l / gTOC的峰值，这可能与有害藻华的发生频率有记录的增加有关。这些结果表明，国王湖环境现在与欧洲早期定居期间的环境大不相同。我们得出的结论是，通过识别环境变化的性质和方向，古生态学研究可以有助于在澳大利亚沿海生态系统中制定切合实际的消息灵通的管理，保护和恢复策略。

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