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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parasitology >AN INTRODUCED GENERALIST PARASITE, THE STICKTIGHT FLEA (ECHIDNOPHAGA GALLINACEA), AND ITS PATHOLOGY IN THE THREATENED FLORIDA SCRUB-JAY (APHELOCOMA
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AN INTRODUCED GENERALIST PARASITE, THE STICKTIGHT FLEA (ECHIDNOPHAGA GALLINACEA), AND ITS PATHOLOGY IN THE THREATENED FLORIDA SCRUB-JAY (APHELOCOMA

机译：引入的全能型寄生虫，不定蝇（Echindophaga gallinacea）及其在佛罗里达州SCR仔鸭（APHELOCOMA）中的病理

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摘要

The sticktight flea, (Echidnophaga gallinacea), a major pest of the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus) that can cause severe pathology or death if untreated, is rarely recorded in free-living avian species. Sticktight fleas, however, were observed on the federally threatened Florida scrub-jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens) in February 2004, in south central Florida. Of the 81 Florida scrub-jays (FSJs) sampled before the 2004 breeding season, 12 were infested, with from 1 to as many as 57 fleas. Subsequent survivorship and variation in health indices led us to conclude that the sticktight flea caused the death of several jays. Within 4 mo, 46% of sticktight flea-infested (INF) jays died, whereas in the nonflea-infested (NINF) jays, only 5.9% died. Adult INF birds lost body mass in the time since a previous capture compared with NINF jays, and mass gain was slowed in 1-yr-old INF jays. Hematocrit of INF jays was dramatically impacted, as low as 17%, and was negatively correlated with the extent of infestation. Leukocyte counts were highest in INF jays; however, plasma immunoglobulin levels were lowest. Physiological stress levels, measured using plasma corticosterone, increased more rapidly in INF jays than NINF jays and were positively correlated with heterophil/lymphocyte ratios. The impact of the sticktight flea on the federally threatened FSJ negates previous findings that sticktight fleas are benign in wild avian hosts.
机译：粘滞蚤（Echidnophaga gallinacea）是家禽（Gallus gallus）的主要害虫，如果不及时治疗会引起严重的病理或死亡，很少见于自由生活的禽类中。然而，2004年2月，在佛罗里达州中南部，受到联邦威胁的佛罗里达灌丛周杰伦（Aphelocoma coerulescens）观察到棘手的跳蚤。在2004年繁殖季节之前采样的81个佛罗里达灌丛鸟（FSJ）中，有12只受到感染，跳蚤数量从1到多达57只。随后的存活率和健康指数的变化使我们得出结论，顽固的跳蚤导致数只黑鸦的死亡。在4个月内，有46％的紧密跳蚤出没的ay鸟死亡，而在无跳蚤的出没（NINF）的，鸟中，只有5.9％死了。自从上一次捕获以来，成年INF禽类与NINF杰伊犬相比，体重下降了，并且1岁INF杰伊犬的质量增加变慢。 INF Jays的血细胞比容受到显着影响，低至17％，并且与侵染程度呈负相关。白血球计数在INF鸟中最高。然而，血浆免疫球蛋白水平最低。用血浆皮质酮测定的生理应激水平在INF鸟笼中比NINF鸟笼更快地增加，并且与异养/淋巴细胞比率呈正相关。粘性跳蚤对受到联邦威胁的FSJ的影响否定了先前的发现，即粘性跳蚤在野生禽类宿主中是良性的。

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