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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parasitology >THE INTERACTION OF ACANTHAMOEBA CASTELLANII CYSTS WITH MACROPHAGES AND NEUTROPHILS
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THE INTERACTION OF ACANTHAMOEBA CASTELLANII CYSTS WITH MACROPHAGES AND NEUTROPHILS

机译：棘阿米巴Castellanii囊肿与巨噬细胞和中性粒的相互作用

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摘要

Acanthamoeba castellanii, a free-living amoeba, causes a sight-threatening form of keratitis. Even after extensive therapies, corneal damage can be severe, often requiring corneal transplantation to restore vision. However, A. castellanii cysts are not eliminated from the conjunctiva and stroma of humans and can excyst, resulting in infection of the corneal transplant. The aim of this study was to determine whether elements of the innate immune apparatus, neutrophils and macrophages, were capable of detecting and eliminating A. castellanii cysts and to examine the mechanism by which they kill the cysts. Results show that neither innate immune cell is attracted chemotactically to intact cysts, yet both were attracted to lysed cysts. Both macrophages and neutrophils were capable of killing significant numbers of cysts, yet neutrophils were 3-fold more efficient than macrophages. Activation of macrophages with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ did not increase their cytolytic ability. Conditioned medium isolated from macrophages did not lyse the cysts; however, prevention of phagocytosis by cytochalasin D inhibited 100% of macrophage-mediated killing of the cysts. Conditioned medium from neutrophils did kill significant numbers of the cysts, and this killing was blocked by quercetin, a potent inhibitor of myeloperoxidase (MPO). These results indicate that neither macrophages nor neutrophils are chemoattracted to intact cysts, yet both are capable of killing the cysts. Macrophages killed the cysts by phagocytosis, whereas neutrophils killed cysts through the secretion of MPO.
机译：自由生活的变形虫阿卡虫（Amanthhamoeba castellanii）会导致角膜炎的威胁视力。即使经过广泛的治疗，角膜损伤也会很严重，通常需要进行角膜移植才能恢复视力。然而，不能从人的结膜和间质中消除castellanii囊肿，并且可以囊肿，导致角膜移植物的感染。这项研究的目的是确定先天免疫装置，嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞的成分是否能够检测和消除卡氏曲霉囊肿，并研究它们杀死囊肿的机制。结果表明，先天免疫细胞均未趋化性地被完整的囊肿吸引，而两者均被裂解的囊肿吸引。巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞都能够杀死大量的囊肿，但是嗜中性粒细胞的效率是巨噬细胞的3倍。用脂多糖和γ-干扰素活化巨噬细胞并没有增加它们的溶细胞能力。从巨噬细胞中分离出来的条件培养基不能裂解囊肿。但是，通过细胞松弛素D阻止吞噬作用可抑制100％的巨噬细胞介导的囊肿杀伤。来自嗜中性粒细胞的条件培养基确实杀死了大量囊肿，而槲皮素（一种有效的髓过氧化物酶抑制剂（MPO））阻止了这种杀死。这些结果表明巨噬细胞和嗜中性粒细胞都没有被化学吸引到完整的囊肿，但是两者都能够杀死囊肿。巨噬细胞通过吞噬作用杀死囊肿，而嗜中性粒细胞通过MPO的分泌杀死囊肿。

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