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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Oceanography >Ekman Transport in Balanced Currents with Curvature
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Ekman Transport in Balanced Currents with Curvature

机译：曲率平衡电流中的埃克曼运输

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Ekman transport, the horizontal mass transport associated with a wind stress applied on the ocean surface, is modified by the vorticity of ocean currents, leading to what has been termed the nonlinear Ekman transport. This article extends earlier work on this topic by deriving solutions for the nonlinear Ekman transport valid in currents with curvature, such as a meandering jet or circular vortex, and for flows with the Rossby number approaching unity. Tilting of the horizontal vorticity of the Ekman flow by the balanced currents modifies the ocean response to surface forcing, such that, to leading order, winds parallel to the flow drive an Ekman transport that depends only on the shear vorticity component of the vertical relative vorticity, whereas across-flow winds drive transport dependent on the curvature vorticity. Curvature in the balanced flow field thus leads to an Ekman transport that differs from previous formulations derived under the assumption of straight flows. Notably, the theory also predicts a component of the transport aligned with the surface wind stress, contrary to classic Ekman theory. In the case of the circular vortex, the solutions given here can be used to calculate the vertical velocity to a higher order of accuracy than previous solutions, extending possible applications of the theory to strong balanced flows. The existence of oscillations, and the potential for resonance and instability, in the Ekman flow at a curved jet are also demonstrated.
机译：Ekman输运是与海面施加的风应力相关的水平质量输运，由于洋流的涡度而改变，从而导致了所谓的非线性Ekman输运。本文通过推导在曲率流中有效的非线性Ekman输运解决方案（例如曲折射流或圆形涡流）以及Rossby数趋近于1的流动，来扩展该问题的早期工作。平衡流使埃克曼流的水平涡旋倾斜，从而改变了海洋对地表强迫的响应，因此，按照超前次序，平行于水流的风驱使埃克曼输运仅取决于垂直相对涡旋的切变涡旋分量。 ，而横流风根据曲率涡度驱动运输。因此，在平衡流场中的曲率会导致埃克曼输运，该输运不同于在直流假设下得出的先前公式。值得注意的是，与经典的埃克曼理论相反，该理论还预测了与表面风应力一致的输运分量。在圆形涡旋的情况下，此处给出的解可用于计算垂直速度，其准确性要比以前的解高，将理论的可能应用扩展到强平衡流。还证明了在弯曲射流的埃克曼流中存在振荡，以及共振和不稳定的可能性。

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