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Laboratory Experiments on the Effects of a Variable Current Field on the Spectral Geometry of Water Waves

机译：可变电流场对水波光谱几何形状影响的室内实验

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摘要

Laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the effects of a coflowing current field on the spectral shape of water waves. The results indicate that refraction is the main factor in modulating wave height and overall wave energy. Although the structure of the current field varies considerably, some current-induced patterns in the wave spectrum are observed. In high frequencies, the energy cascading generated by nonlinear interactions is suppressed, and the development of a spectral tail is disturbed, as a consequence of the detuning of the four-wave resonance conditions. Furthermore, the presence of currents slows the downshifting of the spectral peak. The suppression of the high-frequency energy under the influence of currents is more prominent as the spectral steepness increases. The energy suppression is alsomore accentuated and long-standing along the fetch when the directional spreading of waves is sufficiently broad. This result indicates that the current-induced detuning of resonant conditions is more effective when exact resonances are the primary mechanism of nonlinear interactions than when quasi resonances prevail (directionally narrow cases). Additionally, the directional analysis shows that the highly variable currents broaden the directional spreading of waves. The broadening is suggested to be related to random refraction and scattering of wave rays. The random disturbance of wavenumbers alters the nonlinear interaction conditions and weakens the energy exchanges among wave components, which is expressed in the suppression of the high-frequency energy.
机译：进行实验室实验以研究同流电流场对水波频谱形状的影响。结果表明，折射是调节波高和总波能的主要因素。尽管电流场的结构变化很大，但在频谱中观察到了一些电流感应的模式。在高频下，由于四波谐振条件的失谐，抑制了非线性相互作用产生的能量级联，并扰乱了频谱尾部的发展。此外，电流的存在减慢了频谱峰值的下移。随着频谱陡度的增加，在电流的影响下对高频能量的抑制更加突出。当波的方向性扩展足够宽时，能量抑制也将更加突出并长期存在。该结果表明，当精确的谐振是非线性相互作用的主要机理时，电流诱导的谐振条件失谐比准谐振占优势（方向狭窄的情况）更有效。此外，方向分析表明，高度可变的电流会扩大波的方向扩展。建议加宽与射线的随机折射和散射有关。波数的随机扰动改变了非线性相互作用条件，削弱了波分量之间的能量交换，这在抑制高频能量时表现出来。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Physical Oceanography》 |2016年第9期|2695-2717|共23页
  • 作者

    Rapizo Henrique; Waseda Takuji; Babanin Alexander V.; Toffoli Alessandro;

  • 作者单位

    Swinburne Univ Technol, Hawthorn, Vic, Australia;

    Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan;

    Swinburne Univ Technol, Hawthorn, Vic, Australia|Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia;

    Swinburne Univ Technol, Hawthorn, Vic, Australia|Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia;

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