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Gulf Stream Dynamics along the Southeastern US Seaboard

机译：美国东南沿海的湾流动力学

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摘要

The Gulf Stream strongly interacts with the topography along the southeastern U. S. seaboard, between the Straits of Florida and Cape Hatteras. The dynamics of the Gulf Stream in this region is investigated with a set of realistic, very high-resolution simulations using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The mean path is strongly influenced by the topography and in particular the Charleston Bump. There are significant local pressure anomalies and topographic form stresses exerted by the bump that retard the mean flow and steer the mean current pathway seaward. The topography provides, through bottom pressure torque, the positive input of barotropic vorticity necessary to balance the meridional transport of fluid and close the gyre-scale vorticity balance. The effect of the topography on the development of meanders and eddies is studied by computing energy budgets of the eddies and the mean flow. The baroclinic instability is stabilized by the slope everywhere except past the bump. The flow is barotropically unstable, and kinetic energy is converted from the mean flow to the eddies following the Straits of Florida and at the bump with regions of eddy-to-mean conversion in between. There is eddy growth by Reynolds stress and downstream development of the eddies. Interaction of the flow with the topography acts as an external forcing process to localize these oceanic storm tracks. Associated time-averaged eddy fluxes are essential to maintain and reshape the mean current. The pattern of eddy fluxes is interpreted in terms of eddy life cycle, eddy fluxes being directed downgradient in eddy growth regions and upgradient in eddy decay regions.
机译：墨西哥湾流与美国东南沿海，佛罗里达海峡和哈特拉斯角之间的地形发生了强烈的相互作用。使用区域海洋建模系统（ROMS），通过一组现实的，非常高分辨率的模拟研究了该地区的墨西哥湾流的动力学。平均路径受到地形，尤其是查尔斯顿凹凸的强烈影响。颠簸施加了明显的局部压力异常和地形形式的应力，从而阻碍了平均流量并引导平均电流路径向海。地形通过底部压力扭矩提供正压涡旋的正输入，该正压涡旋是平衡流体的子午输运和关闭旋回尺度涡旋平衡所必需的。通过计算涡流和平均流量的能量预算，研究了地形对涡流和涡流发展的影响。除颠簸以外，各地的坡度使斜压不稳定得以稳定。流量是正压不稳定的，动能从平均流量转换为沿着佛罗里达海峡并在颠簸处的涡流，介于两者之间的是涡流-均值转换区域。雷诺应力引起涡流的增长，涡流的下游发展。流与地形的相互作用是将这些海洋风暴轨迹定位的外部强迫过程。关联的时间平均涡流对于维持和重塑平均电流至关重要。涡流的模式是根据涡流生命周期来解释的，涡流在涡流生长区域中被定向为向下梯度，而在涡流衰减区域中被定向为向上梯度。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Physical Oceanography》 |2015年第3期|690-715|共26页
  • 作者

    Gula Jonathan; Molemaker M. Jeroen; McWilliams James C.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

    Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA;

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