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Two Stable Equilibria of the Atlantic Subpolar Gyre

机译：大西洋亚极涡旋的两个稳定平衡

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摘要

The cyclonic circulation of the Atlantic subpolar gyre is a key mechanism for North Atlantic climate variability on a wide range of time scales. It is generally accepted that it is driven by both cyclonic winds and buoyancy forcing, yet the individual importance and dynamical interactions of the two contributions remain unclear. The authors propose a simplified four-box model representing the convective basin of the Labrador Sea and its shallow and deep boundary current system, the western subpolar gyre. Convective heat loss drives a baroclinic flow of relatively light water around the dense center. Eddy salt flux from the boundary current to the center increases with a stronger circulation, favors the formation of dense waters, and thereby sustains a strong baroclinic flow, approximately 10%-25% of the total. In contrast, when the baroclinic flow is not active, surface waters may be too fresh to convect, and a buoyancy-driven circulation cannot develop. This situation corresponds to a second stable circulation mode. A hysteresis is found for variations in surface freshwater flux and the salinity of the near-surface boundary current. An analytical solution is presented and analyzed.
机译：大西洋亚极回旋流的旋风循环是北大西洋在很长时间范围内气候变化的关键机制。人们普遍认为，气旋是由旋风和浮力共同驱动的，但两种作用的个体重要性和动力相互作用仍不清楚。作者提出了一个简化的四盒模型，代表了拉布拉多海的对流盆地及其浅，深边界流系统，即西极地回旋流。对流热损失驱使相对轻的水在斜向中心周围的斜压流。从边界流到中心的涡流盐通量随着循环的增强而增加，有利于稠密水的形成，从而维持强斜压流，约占总量的10％-25％。相反，当斜压流不活跃时，地表水可能太新鲜而无法对流，并且浮力驱动的循环无法发展。这种情况对应于第二稳定循环模式。对于表面淡水通量和近表面边界电流的盐度变化，发现存在滞后现象。提出并分析了一种解决方案。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Physical Oceanography》 |2014年第1期|246-264|共19页
  • 作者

    Andreas Born; Thomas F. Stocker;

  • 作者单位

    Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, Bern, Switzerland,University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;

    Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, Bern, Switzerland;

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