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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Oceanography >Effects of a Shallow Pycnocline and Surface Meltwater on Sea Ice-Ocean Drag and Turbulent Heat Flux
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Effects of a Shallow Pycnocline and Surface Meltwater on Sea Ice-Ocean Drag and Turbulent Heat Flux

机译：浅碧容环和地表融水对海冰洋阻力和湍流通量的影响

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Comprehensive boundary layer measurements from a drift station on first-year ice in the late summer of 2012 in the Nansen basin, when stable stratification in the upper ocean extended all the way to the surface, are analyzed. Observed quadratic ice-ocean drag coefficients, based on measurements of wind stress, are roughly 3.6 × 10~(-3), consistent with neutral-stability Rossby similarity scaling. The turning angles of 32°-39° between surface velocity and stress are larger than Rossby similarity predicts and obey a different scaling. This can be explained by the shallow pycnocline forcing the Ekman transport into a thin layer and modeled roughly employing a simple first-order correction to Rossby similarity. Turbulent shear stress in the ice-ocean boundary layer is on average 3 times smaller than the estimate based on wind stress, possibly because internal wave drag was significant. This lowers vertical scalar fluxes by 38% compared to a scenario where turbulent stress accounts for the total drag. The authors measure an average upward ocean-ice heat flux of 10 W m~(-2), which is 50% smaller than predicted by a bulk heat flux parameterization. This reduction is attributed to additional sources of heat and freshwater that alter the ice-ocean interface salt balance. This study shows that a commonly used bulk heat flux parameterization is a special case of a simple downgradient parameterization allowing for a modified interface salt budget. For similar wind forcing, observed ice-ocean fluxes of heat and salt were 40%-100% larger when the ice-relative current approached from a nearby pressure ridge keel than otherwise.
机译：当上层海洋的稳定分层一直延伸到地表时，分析了南森盆地第一年冰上漂移站2012年夏季综合边界层的测量结果。基于风应力的测量，二次冰洋阻力系数约为3.6×10〜（-3），与中性稳定性Rossby相似度标度一致。表面速度和应力之间的32°-39°转角大于Rossby相似性预测，并遵循不同的缩放比例。这可以解释为浅的比索可林迫使埃克曼输运进入薄层，并通过对Rossby相似度的简单一阶校正粗略地建模。冰海边界层中的湍流剪切应力平均比基于风应力的估计值小3倍，这可能是因为内部波浪阻力很大。与湍流应力占总阻力的情况相比，这将垂直标量通量降低了38％。作者测得的平均向上海洋冰热通量为10 W m〜（-2），比大体积热通量参数化的预测值小50％。这种减少归因于其他热源和淡水，它们改变了冰洋界面的盐分平衡。这项研究表明，常用的整体热通量参数化是简单的向下梯度参数化的特例，从而可以修改界面盐分预算。对于类似的强迫风，当冰相对电流从附近的压力脊龙骨接近时，观测到的冰洋热和盐通量要大40％-100％。

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