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Spatial and Temporal Scales of Sverdrup Balance

机译：Sverdrup平衡的时空尺度

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摘要

Sverdrup balance underlies much of the theory of ocean circulation and provides a potential tool for describing the interior ocean transport from only the wind stress. Using both a model state estimate and an eddy-permitting coupled climate model, this study assesses to what extent and over what spatial and temporal scales Sverdrup balance describes the meridional transport. The authors find that Sverdrup balance holds to first order in the interior subtropical ocean when considered at spatial scales greater than approximately 5 degrees. Outside the subtropics, in western boundary currents and at short spatial scales, significant departures occur due to failures in both the assumptions that there is a level of no motion at some depth and that thevorticity equation is linear. Despite the ocean transport adjustment occurring on time scales consistent with the basin-crossing times for Rossby waves, as predicted by theory, Sverdrup balance gives a useful measure of the subtropical circulation after only a few years. This is because the interannual transport variability is small compared to the mean transports. The vorticity input to the deep ocean by the interaction between deep currents and topography is found to be very large in both models. These deep transports, however, are separated from upper-layer transports that are in Sverdrup balance when considered over large scales.
机译：Sverdrup平衡是大部分海洋环流理论的基础，并提供了一种潜在的工具，可以仅通过风应力来描述内部海洋运输。使用模型状态估计和允许涡流的耦合气候模型，本研究评估了Sverdrup平衡在多大程度上以及在什么时空尺度上描述了子午运输。作者发现，当在大于大约5度的空间尺度上考虑时，Sverdrup平衡在亚热带内部海洋中保持一阶。在亚热带以外，在西部边界流中和短空间尺度上，由于以下两个假设的失败而发生了明显的偏离：在一定深度上没有运动的水平并且涡度方程是线性的。正如理论预测的那样，尽管海洋运输调整的时间尺度与罗斯比波的盆地穿越时间一致，但仅几年后，Sverdrup的平衡就可以有效地衡量亚热带环流。这是因为与平均传输相比，年际传输变异性较小。在两个模型中，通过深流和地形之间的相互作用向深海输入的涡度都非常大。但是，考虑到大规模，这些深层运输与处于Sverdrup平衡状态的上层运输是分开的。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Physical Oceanography》 |2014年第10期|2644-2660|共17页
  • 作者

    Thomas Matthew D.; De Boer Agatha M.; Johnson Helen L.; Stevens David P.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England;

    Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol Sci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden|Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden;

    Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3PR, England;

    Univ E Anglia, Sch Math, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England;

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