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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Oceanography >Spring Mixing: Turbulence and Internal Waves during Restratification on the New England Shelf
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Spring Mixing: Turbulence and Internal Waves during Restratification on the New England Shelf

机译：春季交融：新英格兰大陆架再定殖过程中的湍流和内波

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摘要

Integrated observations are presented of water property evolution and turbulent microstructure during the spring restratification period of April and May 1997 on the New England continental shelf. Turbulence is shown to be related to surface mixed layer entrainment and shear from low-mode near-inertial internal waves. The largest turbulent diapycnal diffusivity and associated buoyancy fluxes were found at the bottom of an actively entraining and highly variable wind-driven surface mixed layer. Away from surface and bottom boundary layers, turbulence was systematically correlated with internal wave shear, though the nature of that relationship underwent a regime shift as the stratification strengthened. During the first week, while stratification was weak, the largest turbulent dissipation away from boundaries was coincident with shear from mode-1 near-inertial waves generated by passing storms. Wave-induced Richardson numbers well below 0.25 and density overturning scales of several meters were observed. Turbulent dissipation rates in the region of peak shear were consistent in magnitude with several dimensional scalings. The associated average diapycnal diffusivity exceeded 10~(-3) m~2 s~(-1). As stratification tripled, Richardson numbers from low-mode internal waves were no longer critical, though turbulence was still consistently elevated in patches of wave shear. Kinematically, dissipation during this period was consistent with the turbulence parameterization proposed by MacKinnon and Gregg, based on a reinterpretation of wave-wave interaction theory. The observed growth of temperature gradients was, in turn, consistent with a simple one-dimensional model that vertically distributed surface heat fluxes commensurate with calculated turbulent diffusivities.
机译：提出了关于新英格兰大陆架上1997年4月和5月春季重新定殖期间水质演变和湍流微结构的综合观测资料。湍流被证明与表面混合层的夹带和低模近惯性内波的剪切有关。在主动夹带和高度可变的风力驱动表面混合层的底部发现了最大的湍流对流扩散性和相关的浮力通量。远离表面边界层和底部边界层，湍流与内部波切变系统地相关，尽管随着分层的加强，这种关系的性质经历了一种状态转变。在第一周内，尽管分层较弱，但最大的湍流消散是与边界的最大消散，这与通过风暴产生的模式-1近惯性波的剪切作用相吻合。观测到的波诱导的理查森数远低于0.25，并且密度翻转尺度为几米。峰值切变区域中的湍流耗散率在大小上与多个尺寸比例一致。相关的平均径向扩散率超过10〜（-3）m〜2 s〜（-1）。随着分层增加了三倍，来自低模内部波的理查森数不再关键，尽管湍流在波切变中仍持续升高。运动学上，在此期间的耗散与MacKinnon和Gregg在重新解释波-波相互作用理论的基础上提出的湍流参数化一致。反过来，观察到的温度梯度增长与简单的一维模型相一致，该模型垂直分布的表面热通量与计算出的湍流扩散率相称。

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