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Relationships between Tidal Dynamics and Bathymetry in Strongly Convergent Estuaries

机译：强收敛河口潮汐动力学与测深的关系

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摘要

Localized analytical solutions are derived for the propagation of a single (predominant) tidal constituent in estuaries with strongly convergent triangular cross sections. The advective term is neglected, and the friction term is linearized. The solutions apply at any locality where the cross-sectional shape remains sensibly congruent and the spatial gradient of tidal elevation amplitude is small (i.e., "synchronous"). Then, for specified tidal elevation amplitude ζ and water depth D, these solutions indicate values of tidal current amplitude u, ratio of friction to inertial terms, slope of the estuarine bed, rate of energy dissipation, and phase difference θ between ζ and u. Illustrations of these results over a range of ζ and D provide reference frameworks to assess observed conditions at any position in any estuary satisfying the criteria cited. They may also indicate the range of parameters likely to be consistent with bathymetric equilibrium in dynamic sedimentary regimes. The ratio of friction to inertial terms is shown to be represented by tanθ. Moreover, this ratio is further shown to be approximated by 10ζ/D, the latter demarking the classification of shallow and deep estuaries. For shallow estuaries, by specifying a constant value of ζ, an expression for estuarine length is determined approximating 2350D~(5/4)/ζ~(1/2) (m). This expression is consistent with observed values from some 50 estuaries spanning, without selection, both the entire U.K. coastline and that of the U.S. eastern seaboard. (The U.S. data are extracted from a paper relating to "shallow, well-mixed estuaries.") The associated scatter of the observed values is shown to be, in part, related to the influence of their prevailing sediment regime on their respective bed friction coefficients. This scatter is used to suggest a new expression relating the bed friction coefficient to the surficial mud content. Sensitivity of the solutions to changes in bed friction coefficient, mean sea level, and tidal conditions are also examined. These analyses indicate what changes in the shape and size of an estuary might follow from variations in the prevailing tidal and sedimentary regimes. These new results are assessed in the context of extensive earlier studies into tidal asymmetry in estuaries.
机译：推导了局部分析解决方案，用于在具有强烈会聚的三角形横截面的河口中传播单个（主要）潮汐成分。对流项被忽略，摩擦项被线性化。该解决方案适用于横截面形状保持明显一致且潮汐高度振幅的空间梯度较小（即“同步”）的任何局部。然后，对于指定的潮汐高程振幅ζ和水深D，这些解表示潮汐电流振幅u的值，摩擦系数与惯性项的比值，河口河床的坡度，能量耗散率以及ζ与u之间的相位差θ。这些结果在ζ和D范围内的说明提供了参考框架，可用来评估满足所引用标准的任何河口任何位置的观测条件。它们还可能表明参数范围可能与动态沉积方案中的测深平衡相一致。摩擦力与惯性项的比率显示为tanθ。此外，该比率进一步显示约为10ζ/ D，后者表示浅河口和深河口的分类。对于浅河口，通过指定常数ζ，可确定河口长度的表达式约为2350D〜（5/4）/ζ〜（1/2）（m）。这种表达方式与整个50条河口的观测值一致，该值跨越了整个英国海岸线和美国东部沿海的海岸线，没有进行选择。 （美国数据摘自与“浅，混合河口”有关的论文。）观测值的相关散布显示，部分与它们的主要沉积物状态对其各自的床层摩擦的影响有关。系数。该散点用于建议将床摩擦系数与表面泥浆含量相关的新表达式。还研究了溶液对床层摩擦系数，平均海平面和潮汐条件变化的敏感性。这些分析表明，由于主要的潮汐和沉积状况的变化，河口的形状和大小可能发生什么变化。在对河口潮汐不对称进行广泛的早期研究的背景下，对这些新结果进行了评估。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Physical Oceanography》 |2003年第12期|p.2738-2750|共13页
  • 作者

    D. PRANDLE;

  • 作者单位

    Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, Bidston Observatory, Merseyside CH43 7RA, United Kingdom;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 海洋学;
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