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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Oceanography >The Dynamics of Shelf Forcing in Greenlandic Fjords
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The Dynamics of Shelf Forcing in Greenlandic Fjords

机译：格陵兰岛峡湾的货架强迫动力学

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The fjords that connect Greenland's glaciers to the ocean are gateways for importing heat to melt ice and for exporting meltwater into the ocean. The transport of heat and meltwater can be modulated by various drivers of fjord circulation, including freshwater, local winds, and shelf variability. Shelf-forced flows (also known as the intermediary circulation) are the dominant mode of variability in two major fjords of east Greenland, but we lack a dynamical understanding of the fjord's response to shelf forcing. Building on observations from east Greenland, we use numerical simulations and analytical models to explore the dynamics of shelf-driven flows. For the parameter space of Greenlandic fjords, we find that the fjord's response is primarily a function of three nondimensional parameters: the fjord width over the deformation radius (W/R-d), the forcing time scale over the fjord adjustment time scale, and the forcing amplitude (shelf pycnocline displacements) over the upper-layer thickness. The shelf-forced flows in both the numerical simulations and the observations can largely be explained by a simple analytical model for Kelvin waves propagating around the fjord. For fjords with W/R-d 0.5 (most Greenlandic fjords), 3D dynamics are integral to understanding shelf forcingthe fjord dynamics cannot be approximated with 2D models that neglect cross-fjord structure. The volume flux exchanged between the fjord and shelf increases for narrow fjords and peaks around the resonant forcing frequency, dropping off significantly at higher- and lower-frequency forcing.
机译：将格陵兰冰川与海洋连接起来的峡湾是进口热量以融化冰和将融水出口到海洋的门户。峡湾循环的各种驱动因素可以调节热量和融水的输送，包括淡水，局部风和架子的可变性。在格陵兰岛东部的两个主要峡湾中，陆架强迫流动（也称为中间环流）是变化的主要方式，但我们对峡湾对陆架强迫的反应缺乏动态了解。基于格陵兰岛东部的观测，我们使用数值模拟和分析模型来探索陆架驱动流的动力学。对于格陵兰峡湾的参数空间，我们发现峡湾的响应主要是三个无量纲参数的函数：峡湾宽度在变形半径（W / Rd）上，峡湾调整时标上的强迫时间标度和强迫上层厚度的振幅（陆架斜线位移）。数值模拟和观测结果中的陆架强迫流动在很大程度上可以通过在峡湾周围传播的开尔文波的简单分析模型来解释。对于W / R-d> 0.5的峡湾（大多数格陵兰峡湾），3D动力学是理解架子强迫的必不可少的因素，而忽略跨峡结构的2D模型无法近似地逼近峡湾动力学。在狭窄的峡湾和在共振强迫频率附近的峰之间，在峡湾和架子之间交换的体积通量增加，在较高和较低频率的强迫下显着下降。

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