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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Oceanography >Effects of Wind Stress and Surface Cooling on Cross-Shore Exchange
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Effects of Wind Stress and Surface Cooling on Cross-Shore Exchange

机译：风应力和表面冷却对跨岸交换的影响

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摘要

The formation of coastal dense shelf water in winter provides the available potential energy (APE) to fuel baroclinic instability. The combined effects of baroclinic instability and wind forcing in driving cross-shelf exchange are investigated using idealized numerical simulations with varied bottom slope, wind stress, and heat loss rate. The results show that under upwelling-favorable winds, the intensity of the instability decreases as the wind stress increases. This is caused primarily by enhanced turbulence frictional dissipation. Under downwelling-favorable winds, an increase in wind stress and/or a decrease in heat loss rate tends to constrain the baroclinic instability, leading to a circulation resembling that driven purely by wind forcing. In the latter case, once a critical value of cross-shore density gradient is reached, isopycnal slumping is initiated, leading to increased vertical stratification and narrowing of the inner shelf. The change in depth of the inner-shelf outer boundary, defined as the location corresponding to the maximum cross-shore gradient of the surface Ekman transport, is proportional to an empirically derived multiparametric quantity, where a(2) is a dimensional constant, B-0 is a constant heat loss rate, = 0.43, f is the Coriolis parameter, is the shelf slope, B is the heat loss rate, and is the wind stress. This relationship is found to hold for cases when instabilities are present.
机译：冬季沿海密集架子水的形成提供了潜在的势能（APE），助长了斜压不稳定。利用理想化的数值模拟研究了斜压不稳定和风强迫在交叉架交换中的综合作用，该模拟具有变化的底部坡度，风应力和热损失率。结果表明，在上升气流有利的情况下，不稳定性的强度随着风应力的增加而减小。这主要是由于湍流摩擦耗散的增加。在井下有利风的作用下，风应力的增加和/或热量损失率的降低往往会限制斜压不稳定，从而导致类似于纯粹由风力驱动的环流。在后一种情况下，一旦达到跨岸密度梯度的临界值，就开始等腰塌陷，从而导致垂直分层增加和内层架变窄。内架外边界的深度变化（定义为与表面埃克曼输运的最大跨岸坡度相对应的位置）与经验导出的多参数量成正比，其中a（2）是尺寸常数B -0是恒定的热损失率，= 0.43，f是科里奥利参数，是架子坡度，B是热损失率，是风应力。发现这种关系适用于存在不稳定的情况。

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