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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Polymers and the Environment >Challenges In Biomass-thermoplastic Composites
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Challenges In Biomass-thermoplastic Composites

机译：生物质-热塑性复合材料面临的挑战

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Wood and other biomass resources have been blended with thermoplastic such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactic acid and polyvinyl chloride to form wood plastic composites (WPC). WPCs have seen a large growth in the United States in recent years mainly in the residential decking market with the removal of CCA treated wood decking from residential markets. While there are many successes to report in WPCs, there are still some issues that need to be addressed before this technology will reach its full potential. This technology involves two different types of materials; one hygroscopic (biomass) and one hydrophobic (plastic) so there are issues of phase separation and compatiblization. This technology also involves two very different industries; wood and/or agricultural industries and plastic industries. Processing the two phases presents issues centered on maximizing mixing while minimizing damage to the biomass furnish. Melt flow index, processing temperatures, static electricity and density are also issues for the plastic industry which is used to high flowing high temperature processing conditions necessary when they either extrude plastics neat or use inorganic fillers such as glass, calcium carbonate or talc. While the biomass in the composite swells and shrinks due to moisture, the plastic phase swells and shrinks due to temperature. Freezing and thawing cycles also cause problems as well as the effects of microorganism attack and ultraviolet radiation. Dyeing, refinishing, color stability and fasteners are also concerns. Solid extrusion, profile extrusion, co-extrusion, injection molding and thermal molding are all being used to make different WPC products in different parts of the world.
机译：木材和其他生物质资源已与热塑性塑料（例如聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚乳酸和聚氯乙烯）混合在一起，形成了木塑复合材料（WPC）。近年来，WPC在美国取得了巨大的增长，主要是在住宅地板市场上，从住宅市场上移除了经过CCA处理的木质地板。尽管WPC取得了许多成功的报告，但是在这项技术发挥其全部潜力之前，仍然需要解决一些问题。该技术涉及两种不同类型的材料。一种吸湿性（生物质）和一种疏水性（塑料），因此存在相分离和相容性问题。该技术还涉及两个截然不同的行业。木材和/或农业工业以及塑料工业。处理这两个阶段的问题集中在最大程度地增加混合，同时最大程度地减少对生物质配料的损害。熔体流动指数，加工温度，静电和密度也是塑料工业的问题，当它们将塑料纯净地挤出或使用无机填料（例如玻璃，碳酸钙或滑石粉）时，它们需要用于高流动性高温加工条件。当复合物中的生物质因水分而膨胀和收缩时，塑性相因温度而膨胀和收缩。冷冻和解冻循环还会引起问题以及微生物侵袭和紫外线辐射的影响。染色，修补，颜色稳定性和紧固件也很重要。固体挤出，型材挤出，共挤出，注塑和热成型都被用来在世界不同地区生产不同的WPC产品。

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