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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Polymers and the Environment >Amazon Rubber, A Potential Yet to be Rediscovered
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Amazon Rubber, A Potential Yet to be Rediscovered

机译：亚马逊橡胶，有待重新发现的潜力

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摘要

Natural rubber still has socioeconomic, environmental and technical importance, despite the production of several synthetic similar polymers in the last 70years. The Amazon Rainforest, the genetic base of Hevea brasiliensis, harbors a great diversity of ecosystems that can result in differentiated latex and elastomer molecules, from trees of the same species or other species and varieties of laticifer plants. Even so, there is little research to compare latex and rubber properties produced from native trees and planted clones. In this work, rubber latex was collected from four locations in the Amazon, including the historical places of Boim and Belterra and the most cultivated clone in Brazil, the RRIM 600, from a hevea plantation in the Center-West of Brazil. The following colloid properties were determined: pH, viscosity, particle size, dry rubber content, total solids content, gel content, total lipids, and total proteins. The molecular weight and the main physical and mechanical properties of the rubbers were also determined. Some main results can be highlighted: the rubber sample from Acre, in the extreme Western part of the Amazon, presented the highest molecular weight, while the Belterra sample, from remaining plantations of the Ford Project in Amazon, showed the highest values for mechanical properties. On the other hand, the technical characteristics of the RRIM 600 clone are close to the results obtained for the Boim sample, in Para, of the micro-region from where Henry Wickham collected the 70,000 seeds in 1876, from which the species was internationally domesticated. The present work is one of the very few studies to have been carried out with latex and rubber of these ancient rubber trees.
机译：尽管在过去的70年中生产了几种合成的类似聚合物，但天然橡胶仍然具有社会经济，环境和技术重要性。亚马逊雨林是巴西橡胶树的遗传基础，拥有丰富的生态系统，可以导致乳胶和弹性体分子与同一物种或其他物种和变种的乳胶植物的差异化。即使这样，也很少有研究可以比较从天然树木和人工克隆中产生的胶乳和橡胶性能。在这项工作中，从亚马逊的四个地点收集了橡胶胶乳，其中包括Boim和Belterra的历史古迹以及巴西种植最多的克隆RRIM 600，它们来自巴西中西部的橡胶树种植园。确定了以下胶体性质：pH，粘度，粒度，干橡胶含量，总固体含量，凝胶含量，总脂质和总蛋白质。还确定了橡胶的分子量以及主要的物理和机械性能。可以强调一些主要结果：来自亚马逊最西部地区Acre的橡胶样品具有最高的分子量，而来自福特汽车项目其余种植园的Belterra样品的机械性能最高。 。另一方面，RRIM 600克隆的技术特性与Boim样品在帕拉的微区域获得的结果相近，该区域是亨利·威克汉姆（Henry Wickham）于1876年收集的70,000种种子的国际区域，该物种是国际驯化的。目前的工作是对这些古老橡胶树的乳胶和橡胶进行的极少研究之一。

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