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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Polymers and the Environment >Impact of Agricultural Weathering on Physicochemical Properties of Biodegradable Plastic Mulch Films: Comparison of Two Diverse Climates Over Four Successive Years
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Impact of Agricultural Weathering on Physicochemical Properties of Biodegradable Plastic Mulch Films: Comparison of Two Diverse Climates Over Four Successive Years

机译：农业风化对可生物降解塑料覆盖膜的物理化学特性的影响：四个连续年度两种多种气候的比较

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Biodegradable plastic mulch films (BDMs) are essential in the production of vegetable and specialty crops due to their promotion of increased crop yield and quality. Unlike conventional polyethylene (PE) mulches, BDMs can be tilled into the soil after crop harvest to undergo biodegradation, thereby leading to minimal environmental impact. Agricultural weathering impacts both the performance of BDMs during crop production as a barrier to weeds and biodegradability of BDMs in the soil. To better understand the relative importance of climatic factors, the change of physicochemical properties of BDMs during single-season, 3-4 month, field trials for vegetable production at two diverse climates (Knoxville, TN and Mount Vernon, WA) across four successive years (2015-2018) was evaluated. Mulch treatments consisted of four commercially available BDMs composed primarily of polybutylene co-adipate- co-terephthalate (PBAT) that differed in color and polymeric feedstock, a black experimental BDM prepared from polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate (PLA/PHA) blend, and conventional PE mulch. Solar radiation, an important factor to degradation of mulches, was higher in WA than TN in most sampling years. Yet, degradation occurred more greatly for BDMs in TN, which is attributable to higher temperatures in TN. Mulch deterioration did not very extensively between years. Loss of mechanical properties and color was greater than chemical property changes. Differences in the extent of molecular weight decrease between years correlated significantly with solar radiation exposure at the two locations. A black-colored PBAT-based BDM was less susceptible to degradation than equivalent clear and white-on-black films, due to carbon black acting as a photostabilizer. The impact of weathering also differed between three commercially available PBAT-based films. The PLA/PHA mulch was more susceptible to degradation than PBAT-based BDMs, particularly in the warmer location, TN, partially due to a leaching out of PHA and lower-molecular weight polymer molecules. The extent of change for physicochemical properties of BDMs due to agricultural weathering is greatly affected by polymeric composition, and is greater in warmer climates.
机译：由于它们促进了增加的作物产量和质量，可生物降解的塑料覆盖膜（BDMS）对于蔬菜和特种作物的生产是必不可少的。与常规聚乙烯（PE）覆盖物不同，BDMS可以在作物收获后耕种土壤，以进行生物降解，从而导致环境影响最小。农业风化在农作物产量期间影响BDMS的性能作为土壤中BDMS的杂草和生物降解性的障碍。为了更好地了解气候因素的相对重要性，单季度，3-4个月，3-4个月，两种多年来的蔬菜产量的现场试验（Knoxville，TN，WA）在四年连续四年（2015-2018）评估。覆盖物处理由四种商业上可获得的BDM组成，主要由聚丁烯共己二酸丁二醇酯（PBAT）组成，其颜色和聚合物原料不同，由聚乳酸/聚羟丁酯（PLA / PHA）混合物制备的黑色实验BDM和常规PE覆盖物。太阳辐射，在大多数采样年内，瓦什降解覆盖物的一个重要因素，比TN更高。然而，TN中的BDMS更大地发生降解，其可归因于TN的较高温度。多年来，覆盖物恶化并没有很广泛。机械性能丧失和颜色大于化学性质的变化。分子量之间的差异在多年之间随着两个地点的太阳辐射暴露而显着相关。由于炭黑作为光稳定剂，黑色的基于PBAT的基于PBAT的BDM比等效的透明和白色的黑色薄膜易感。风化的影响也在三种商业上可获得的基于PBAT的薄膜之间不同。 PLA / PHA覆盖物比PBAT基BDMS更容易降解，特别是在较温暖的位置TN，部分原因是由于PHA和低分子量聚合物分子的浸出而部分。由于农业耐候因子，BDMS的物理化学特性的变化程度受到聚合物组合物的影响，较高的气候较大。

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