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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Polymers and the Environment >Tensile Strength, Elongation, Hardness, and Tensile and Flexural Moduli of PLA Filled with Glycerol-Plasticized DDGS
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Tensile Strength, Elongation, Hardness, and Tensile and Flexural Moduli of PLA Filled with Glycerol-Plasticized DDGS

机译：甘油增塑DDGS填充的PLA的拉伸强度，伸长率，硬度和拉伸挠曲模量

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Rapid growth of the biofuel industry is generating large amounts of coproducts such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from ethanol production and glycerol from biodiesel. Currently these coproducts are undervalued, but they have application in the plastics industry as property modifiers. The objective of this research effort is to quantify the effects on mechanical properties of adding DDGS and glycerol to polylactic acid (PLA). The methodology was to physically mix DDGS, as filler, with PLA pellets and injection mold the blends into test bars using glycerol as a plasticizer. The bars were subject to mechanical testing procedures to obtain tensile strength, tensile and flexural moduli, elongation to break, and surface hardness of blends from 0 to 90 %, by weight, of plasticized filler. Blends were typically relatively brittle with little or no yielding prior to fracture, and the addition of glycerol enabled molding of blends with high levels of DDGS but did not increase strength. Any presence of filler decreased the tensile strength of the PLA, and 20-30 % filler reduced strength by 60 %. The 35-50 % filled PLA had about one-fifth the value for pure PLA; at 60-65 % filler level, about 10 % tensile strength remained; and over 80 % filler, 95 % of the strength was lost. Over 20 % filler, the tensile modulus decreased. The 35 % plasticized, filled blend yielded about one-half the stiffness as the pure PLA case; flexural modulus trended in the same manner but demonstrated a greater loss of stiffness. Most blends had less than 3 % elongation to break while surface hardness measurements indicated that up to 60 % filler reduced Shore D hardness by less than 20 %. The tensile strength and modulus data are consistent with the findings of other researchers and indicate that the type of filler and amount and sequence of plasticization are secondary effects, and the total PLA displaced is the dominant factor in determining the mechanical strength of the PLA and DDGS blends. Up to 65 % plasticized DDGS filler can be injection molded, and sufficient mechanical strength exists to create a variety of products. Such a novel material provides higher-value utilization of the biofuel coproducts of glycerol and DDGS and maintains the biodegradable and biocompatible nature of PLA.
机译：生物燃料工业的快速发展正在产生大量副产品，例如来自乙醇生产的酒糟和可溶物（DDGS）的酒糟以及来自生物柴油的甘油。目前，这些副产品被低估了，但它们已在塑料工业中用作性能改进剂。这项研究工作的目的是量化在聚乳酸（PLA）中添加DDGS和甘油对机械性能的影响。该方法是将作为填充剂的DDGS与PLA颗粒物理混合，并使用甘油作为增塑剂将混合物注塑成测试条。对棒进行机械测试程序，以获得0至90重量％的增塑填料的共混物的拉伸强度，拉伸和弯曲模量，断裂伸长率和表面硬度。共混物通常比较脆，在断裂前屈服很少或没有屈服，并且甘油的添加使得具有高DDGS含量的共混物能够模塑但不增加强度。任何填料的存在都会降低PLA的拉伸强度，而20-30％的填料会使强度降低60％。 35-50％填充的PLA的价值约为纯PLA的五分之一；当填料含量为60-65％时，剩余的拉伸强度约为10％；超过80％的填料会损失95％的强度。超过20％的填料，拉伸模量下降。 35％的增塑填充共混物的刚度约为纯PLA情况的一半；弯曲模量以相同的方式趋向，但是显示出更大的刚度损失。大多数共混物的断裂伸长率均小于3％，而表面硬度测量表明，高达60％的填料会使肖氏D硬度降低不到20％。抗张强度和模量数据与其他研究人员的发现一致，表明填料的类型以及塑化的数量和顺序是次要影响，而总的PLA位移是决定PLA和DDGS的机械强度的主要因素。混合。可以注塑多达65％的增塑DDGS填料，并且具有足够的机械强度来生产各种产品。这种新颖的材料提供了甘油和DDGS的生物燃料副产物的高价值利用，并保持了PLA的可生物降解和生物相容性。

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