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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Public Policy >Governing Danish Agencies By Contract: From Negotiated Freedom To The Shadow Of Hierarchy
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Governing Danish Agencies By Contract: From Negotiated Freedom To The Shadow Of Hierarchy

机译：通过合同管理丹麦机构：从谈判的自由到等级制度的阴影

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In the early 1990s the Danish Ministry of Finance initiated an experiment where a few ministerial departments negotiated performance agreements with their agencies. Since then internal contracting has spread and is now nearly universally used in central government. However, a close study demonstrates that in this process contract content has changed dramatically. The early contracts were quid-pro-quo agreements. Agencies committed themselves to improve efficiency but contracts at the same time admitted them increased managerial discretion. The mature contracts are quite different. Departmental ministries have exploited their considerable autonomy to set demands that are related to policy and service levels rather than internal management. Here ministries have adapted to the characteristics of their policy tasks and to the presumed concerns of the target groups dominating their political environment. Building on an analysis of all contracts in force in 1995, 2000, and 2005 the paper sees this change as a transformation of an ideal type NPM-instrument into a managerial tool adapted to a system where highly autonomous ministers act as unquestioned political executives.
机译：在1990年代初期，丹麦财政部发起了一项实验，其中几个部级部门与其机构协商了绩效协议。从那时起，内部承包制得到了广泛传播，现在在中央政府中几乎被普遍使用。但是，一项仔细的研究表明，在此过程中，合同内容已发生了巨大变化。早期的合同是交换协议。代理商致力于提高效率，但与此同时，合同也承认他们增加了管理自由裁量权。成熟的合同是完全不同的。部门的各部委已经利用其相当大的自主权来提出与政策和服务水平有关的要求，而不是内部管理。在这里，各部已适应其政策任务的特点，并适应了目标群体在其政治环境中占主导地位的假定关注。在对1995年，2000年和2005年所有有效合同进行分析的基础上，该白皮书将这一变化视为一种理想的NPM文书向管理工具的转变，该工具适用于高度自治的部长充当毫无疑问的政治主管的系统。

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