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Book Review

机译：书评

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摘要

Whilst a lot has been written about the family in the United States, this book looks at a less well researched field, the family in public policy. The author sets out a theoretical framework in which she argues that despite the family being deemed a private sphere, it is in fact the 'hidden heart' of American public policy. Because the role of the family is assumed by government rather than made explicit, there is no coherent model of the family. Different ideas of family relationships are found, for example in immigration policy biological and legal kinship is important, whilst in tax policy it is financial dependence that is the issue. The public policy model of the family does not always reflect reality. American policies were often formulated generations ago when a nuclear family consisting of male breadwinner and female dependent and family was the norm. The assumption was that they were biologically related. Now with same sex marriages, adoptions by single people as well as couples and living arrangements with a variety of non-biological kin as families, the disjunction between assumptions and reality lead to 'policy gaps'. The policy gap can be recognised and lead to policy change or it may not be recognised, and create fissures in public policy. The author also considers core values in policy - for example the idea of the nuclear family in contrast to peripheral values'- such as what is a 'child' and who shares resources within the family or how far the family extends outside the implicit nuclear unit.
机译：尽管在美国已经有很多关于家庭的文章，但本书着眼于研究较少的领域，即公共政策中的家庭。作者提出了一个理论框架，在该理论框架中，她认为，尽管家庭被视为私人领域，但实际上，这是美国公共政策的“隐藏心脏”。由于家庭的角色是由政府承担的，而不是明确的，因此，不存在家庭的连贯模式。例如，在移民政策中发现了不同的家庭关系观念，生物学和法律亲属关系很重要，而在税收政策中，财务依赖才是问题所在。家庭的公共政策模型并不总是反映现实。美国的政策通常是在几代人以前制定的，那时由男性养家糊口和女性抚养人组成的核心家庭是家常便饭。假定它们是生物学相关的。现在同性婚姻，单身人士的收养，夫妻以及具有各种非生物亲属的家庭生活安排，假设与现实之间的脱节导致了“政策鸿沟”。可以识别政策差距并导致政策变更，也可以不识别政策差距，从而在公共政策中造成裂痕。作者还考虑了政策中的核心价值观，例如与外围价值观相反的核心家庭观念，例如什么是“孩子”，谁在家庭内部共享资源，或者家庭在隐性核单位之外延伸了多远。

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