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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Quantitative Criminology >Does Gender Modify the Effects of Race–ethnicity on Criminal Sanctioning? Sentences for Male and Female White, Black, and Hispanic Defendants
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Does Gender Modify the Effects of Race–ethnicity on Criminal Sanctioning? Sentences for Male and Female White, Black, and Hispanic Defendants

机译：性别是否改变了种族民族对刑事制裁的影响？白人，黑人和西班牙裔被告男性和女性的句子

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摘要

Using data from large urban courts for the years 1990–1996 and drawing from the “focal concerns” framework on case-process decision making, we examine the main and interactive effects of gender and race–ethnicity on sentence outcomes. The main focus of the present study is whether the effects of race–ethnicity (and gender) on sentence outcomes are similar or different across gender (and racial–ethnic) groups. Consistent with the findings of prior research, we find that female defendants receive more lenient sentences than male defendants and that black and Hispanic defendants receive less favorable treatment than white defendants. However, these main effects are strongly dependent on whether the sample is partitioned by gender or race–ethnicity. We find that race–ethnicity influences male but not female sentences. Conversely, gender strongly influences sentencing across all racial–ethnic groups. These findings are at odds with the traditional view that leniency in court sanctioning typically by-passes “women of color.” Instead, it appears that black and Hispanic female defendants actually benefit more from their “female” status than would be expected all else equal.
机译：利用1990-1996年大型城市法院的数据，并从“焦点关注”框架中得出案件处理决策的方法，我们研究了性别和种族-种族对判决结果的主要和互动影响。本研究的主要重点是种族（族裔）（和性别）对句子结果的影响在性别（和种族—族裔）人群之间是否相似或不同。与先前的研究结果一致，我们发现女性被告比男性被告享有更宽大的刑罚，黑人和西班牙裔被告比白人被告享有的待遇更差。但是，这些主要影响在很大程度上取决于样本是按性别划分还是按种族划分。我们发现种族对男性的影响不大，对女性的影响不大。相反，性别对所有种族族群的判决都有很大影响。这些发现与传统观点不一致，传统观点认为，在法院制裁中宽大处理通常会绕过“有色人种”。取而代之的是，黑人和西班牙裔女性被告实际上从其“女性”身份中受益更多，而其他方面都没有。

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