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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of soils & sediments >High soil temperatures alter the rates of nitrification, denitrification and associated N_2O emissions
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High soil temperatures alter the rates of nitrification, denitrification and associated N_2O emissions

机译：高土壤温度改变硝化，反硝化和相关的N_2O排放率

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Purpose: The responses of nitrification and denitrification are not well characterised at temperatures above 35 degrees C, which is the focus of our study.Materials and methods Soils collected from two dairy pastures (Victoria, Australia) were incubated at 10 to 45 degrees C in the dark for 5 to 10 days following amendment with 100 mu g N g(-1) either as NH4NO3, (NH4NO3)-N-14-N-15 or (NH4NO3)-N-15-N-15 (10 atom% N-15 excess) at 50% water-filled pore space. To detect N2O from heterotrophic nitrification, acetylene (0.01% v/v) was used in a subset of samples amended with (NH4NO3)-N-15-N-15. Atom% N-15 enrichments of NO3-, N2O and N-2 were measured during the experiment to evaluate the responses of nitrification and denitrification to temperature.Results and discussion N2O production from the two soils increased with rising temperature and peaked between 35 and 40 degrees C. N2O production from nitrification and denitrification both had similar thermal responses, which were different to N-2 production. The N2O/N-2 ratio decreased from 4 at 35-40 degrees C to 0.5 at 45 degrees C, due to greater N-2 than N2O production in the Dermosol. Heterotrophic nitrifiers oxidised NH4+ and released N2O at 35-40 degrees C, suggesting a role for heterotrophs in N cycling under warm climates. T-opt for nitrification was between 35 and 40 degrees C, which is higher than reported previously. A short-term effect of high temperatures could provide NH4+ for the growth of crops but may also decrease soil C pools.Conclusions Increasing temperature above 35 degrees C altered the rates of nitrification, denitrification associated N2O and N-2 production. Nitrification and denitrification peaked at 35-40 degrees C in the Chromosol and Dermosol. The production of N-2 increased rapidly above 40 degrees C, which may be related to high soil respiration rates that likely decreased O-2 availability, thus expanding the anaerobic microsites; such circumstances increased the reduction of N2O to N-2 production from the Dermosol.
机译：目的：硝化和反硝化的反应在35摄氏度高于35摄氏度的温度下，这是我们研究的重点。从两个乳制品（维多利亚，澳大利亚）中收集的土壤在10至45摄氏度下孵育在用100μgng（-1）的修正后5至10天，如NH 4 NO 3，（NH 4 NO 3）-N-14-N-15或（NH 4 NO 3）-N-15-N-15（10原子％） N-15超出）50％充水孔隙空间。为了从异养硝化中检测N2O，在用（NH 4 NO 3）-15-N-15修正的样品的子集中使用乙炔（0.01％v / v）。在实验期间测量NO3-，N 2 O和N-2的原子％N-15富集，以评估硝化和脱氮对温度的响应。结果和讨论从两种土壤中产生的N2O产生随着温度的上升，35到40之间增加从硝化和脱氮中产生N 2 O的产生具有类似的热反应，其与N-2产生不同。由于小于Dermosol的N2O产生，N 2 O / N-2在45℃下以35-40℃至0.5的比率在35℃至0.5的比率降低。异养的氮化剂在35-40℃下氧化NH 4 +并释放N2O，表明在温暖气候下N循环中的异质术。用于硝化的T-opt在35至40℃之间，其高于先前报道。高温的短期效果可以为作物的生长提供NH4 +，但也可能降低土壤C池。结论温度高于35摄氏度，改变了硝化，脱氮相关的N2O和N-2产生的率。硝化和脱氮在染色体和皮质溶胶中以35-40℃达到峰值。 N-2的产生迅速高于40℃，这可能与可能降低O-2可用性的高土壤呼吸速率有关，从而扩展厌氧微量;这种情况增加了从皮塞尔的N 2 O到N-2产生的降低。

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