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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of soil & sediments >Nitrification and acidification from urea application in red soil (Ferralic Cambisol) after different long-term fertilization treatments
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Nitrification and acidification from urea application in red soil (Ferralic Cambisol) after different long-term fertilization treatments

机译：经过长期不同的施肥处理后，在红壤中施用尿素的硝化和酸化

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摘要

Purpose Long-term manure applications can prevent or reverse soil acidification by chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer. However, the resistance to re-acidification from further chemical fertilization is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of urea application on nitrification and acidification processes in an acid red soil (Ferralic Cambisol) after long-term different field fertilization treatments. Materials and methods Soils were collected from six treatments of a 19-year field trial: (1) non-fertilization control, (2) chemical phosphorus and potassium (PK), (3) chemical N only (N), (4) chemical N, P, and K (NPK), (5) pig manure only (M), and (6) NPK plus M (NPKM; 70% N from M). In a 35-day laboratory incubation experiment, the soils were incubated and examined for changes in pH, NH_4~+, and NO_3~-, and their correlations from urea application at 80 mg N kg~(-1)(-80) compared to 0 rate (-0). Results and discussion From urea addition, manure-treated soils exhibited the highest acidification and nitrification rates due to high soil pH (5.75-6.38) and the lowest in the chemical N treated soils due to low soil pH (3.83-3.90) with no N-treated soils (pH 4.98-5.12) fell between. By day 35, soil pH decreased to 5.21 and 5.81 (0.54 and 0.57 unit decrease) in the NPKM-80 and M-80 treatments, respectively, and to 4.69 and 4.53 (0.43 and 0.45 unit decrease) in the control-80 and PK-80 treatments, respectively, with no changes in the N-80 and NPK-80 treatments. The soil pH decrease was highly correlated with nitrification potential, and the estimated net proton released. The maximum nitrification rates (K_(max)) of NPKM and M soils (14.7 and 21.6 mg N kg~(-1) day~(-1), respectively) were significantly higher than other treatments (2.86-3.48 mg N kg~(-1) day~(-1)). The priming effect on mineralization of organic N was high in manure treated soils. Conclusions Field data have shown clearly that manure amendment can prevent or reverse the acidification of the red soil. When a chemical fertilizer such as urea is applied to the soil again, however, soil acidification will occur at possibly high rates. Thus, the strategy in soil N management is continuous incorporation of manure to prevent acidification to maintain soil productivity. Further studies under field conditions are needed to provide more accurate assessments on acidification rate from chemical N fertilizer applications.
机译：目的长期施用肥料可以防止或逆转化学氮肥对土壤的酸化。然而，进一步化学施肥对再酸化的抵抗力是未知的。这项研究的目的是研究长期不同田间施肥处理后，尿素施用对酸性红壤（Ferralic Cambisol）中硝化和酸化过程的影响。材料和方法从一项为期19年的田间试验的六种处理方法中收集土壤：（1）非施肥控制，（2）化学磷和钾（PK），（3）化学氮，仅（N），（4）化学N，P和K（NPK），仅（5）猪粪（M），和（6）NPK加M（NPKM； 70％N来自M）。在为期35天的实验室温育实验中，温育土壤并检查其pH值，NH_4〜+和NO_3〜-的变化，以及与施用80 mg N kg〜（-1）（-80）尿素的相关性设为0（-0）。结果与讨论从添加尿素开始，粪肥处理过的土壤由于土壤pH高（5.75-6.38）而显示出最高的酸化和硝化速率，而化学氮处理过的土壤由于pH低（3.83-3.90）而没有氮而显示出最低的酸化和硝化速率。处理的土壤（pH 4.98-5.12）之间。到第35天，NPKM-80和M-80处理的土壤pH分别降至5.21和5.81（降低0.54和0.57单位），对照80和PK分别降至4.69和4.53（降低0.43和0.45单位）。 -80处理，分别在N-80和NPK-80处理中没有变化。土壤pH的降低与硝化潜能高度相关，估计的净质子释放也是如此。 NPKM和M土壤的最大硝化率（K_（max））（分别为14.7和21.6 mg N kg〜（-1）天〜（-1））明显高于其他处理（2.86-3.48 mg N kg〜 （-1）天〜（-1））。在肥料处理过的土壤中，对有机氮矿化的引发作用很高。结论现场数据清楚地表明，改良肥料可以防止或逆转红壤的酸化作用。但是，当再次将化学肥料（例如尿素）施用于土壤时，土壤酸化可能会以很高的速率发生。因此，土壤氮素管理的策略是不断掺入肥料以防止酸化，以维持土壤生产力。需要在田间条件下进行进一步研究，以对化学氮肥施用中的酸化率提供更准确的评估。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of soil & sediments》 |2014年第9期|1526-1536|共11页
  • 作者

    Zejiang Cai; Boren Wang; Minggang Xu; Huimin Zhang; Lu Zhang; Suduan Gao;

  • 作者单位

    Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan 426182, China;

    Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan 426182, China;

    Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan 426182, China;

    Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan 426182, China;

    Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan 426182, China;

    USDA Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Manure; Maximal nitrification rate (K_(max)); Nitrification; Red soil; Soil acidification; Urea;

    机译：肥料;最大硝化率（K_（max））;硝化作用红土;土壤酸化;尿素;

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