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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management >BIOREACTOR LANDFILLS - IN-SITU INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE, INTERPRETATION AND NEW DIRECTIONS
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BIOREACTOR LANDFILLS - IN-SITU INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE, INTERPRETATION AND NEW DIRECTIONS

机译：生物反应器填埋-原位仪器系统的性能，解释和新方向

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Bioreactor instrumentation systems are required to monitor a diverse set of solid, liquid and gas parameters that vary with time and space. Most of the important conditions and performance variables (e.g., degree of biodegradation), are only measurable with intrusive and expensive drilling, sampling and lab testing procedures. Others can be determined as cumulative measures of, e.g., quality of leachate and gas. Accurate in-situ measurement of important conditions are direly needed to detect upset conditions and respond to changing conditions inside bioreactor landfills. The development of in-situ measurement technology and the design of sensors must address the spatial heterogeneity of the conditions, and of moisture content, suction pressure and electrical conductivity in particular. The development and field operation of bioreactor instrumentation systems to measure temperature, moisture content, capillary suction pressures and electrical conductivity at multiple grid points inside solid waste layers are described. Special sensors for solid waste were designed to enlarge the sampling volume in order to achieve spatial averaging of measurement on a scale of 30 cm to 1 metre. The results from over 18 months of operation in a full-scale bioreactor cell in Canada show that moisture contents results of in-situ sensors are close to the gravimetrically determined results of samples extracted by drilling. The in-situ instrumentation results also revealed the spring snow-melt as the cause of a temperature drop of 9 °C and an increased moisture content by up to 5 % for about three to five days. This cooling moisture infiltration event upset the conditions in the bioreactor and thereby retarded the transition from acid to stable methane fermentation. New methods to measure additional, important parameters, new sensors, and new in-situ instrumentation system designs are urgently needed to achieve optimal performance from bioreactor landfills.
机译：需要生物反应器仪器系统来监测随时间和空间变化的各种固体，液体和气体参数。大多数重要条件和性能变量（例如，生物降解程度）只能通过侵入性且昂贵的钻探，采样和实验室测试程序来测量。其他可以确定为例如渗滤液和气体质量的累积量度。迫切需要对重要条件进行准确的原位测量，以检测不适条件并响应生物反应器垃圾填埋场中不断变化的条件。现场测量技术的发展和传感器的设计必须解决条件的空间异质性，尤其是湿度，吸气压力和电导率。描述了生物反应器仪器系统的开发和现场操作，以测量固体废物层内多个网格点的温度，水分含量，毛细管抽吸压力和电导率。设计了用于固体废物的特殊传感器，以扩大采样量，以便在30厘米至1米的范围内实现测量的空间平均。在加拿大一个完整规模的生物反应器中运行18个月以上的结果表明，原位传感器的水分含量结果与通过钻孔提取的样品的重量测定结果相近。现场仪器测试结果还显示，春季融雪是温度下降9°C并导致水分含量最多增加5％的原因，持续约三到五天。这种冷却的水分渗透事件破坏了生物反应器中的条件，从而阻碍了从酸到稳定甲烷发酵的过渡。迫切需要用于测量其他重要参数的新方法，新传感器以及新的现场仪器系统设计，以实现生物反应堆填埋场的最佳性能。

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