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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of South American earth sciences >Relationships among vegetation, geomorphology and hydrology in the Bananal Island tropical wetlands, Araguaia River basin, Central Brazil
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Relationships among vegetation, geomorphology and hydrology in the Bananal Island tropical wetlands, Araguaia River basin, Central Brazil

机译：巴西中部阿拉瓜河流域香蕉岛热带湿地植被，地貌与水文之间的关系

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The Bananal Plain spreading on the Middle Araguaia River basin in Central Brazil at the Cerrado-Amazonia ecotone is a unique system that sustains the largest seasonal wetlands of the Cerrado biome. The huge Bananal Plain is an intracratonic sedimentary basin filled with Pleistocene sediments of the Araguaia formation. Covering approximately two million hectares, the Bananal Island is a major geomorphologic feature of the Bananal plain. Fieldwork and the analysis of a temporal series of MODIS-VI and Landsat ETM images allowed us to discriminate Cerrado phyto-physiognomies on the Bananal Island. Maps of vegetation and geomorphologic units were created, and from the correlation between landforms and vegetation types we identified morpho-vegetation units. Our approach allowed us to postulate that Pleistocene landforms strongly influence, if not dominate, the distribution of vegetation units. For example, the distribution of current gallery forest is not only controlled by active floodplains, but also by alluvial belts abandoned by avulsion. Additionally, arboreal Cerrado vegetation is supported by laterite developed on the sediments of the Araguaia Formation. Some of these inactive landforms are in part modified by the present day geomorphologic processes and colonized by successional vegetation that varies from alluvial forest to Cerrado. Characterized by a very flat landscape with a hindered drainage, the muddy sediments of the Araguaia Formation and the high seasonal rainfall favor the development of regional seasonal wetlands. The Bananal plain is a key area for understanding the Quaternary climatic and biogeographic changes in tropical South America. The control exerted by relict Quaternary landforms on the current vegetation units demonstrates the strong links between geomorphologic aspects of the landscape and ecological patterns. This multidisciplinary approach provides a better understanding of the biogeographic patterns in the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone, which is useful for identifying and designing areas for conservation.
机译：分布在巴西中部Cerrado-Amazonia生态交错带中部阿拉瓜河流域的香蕉平原是维持Cerrado生物群落最大季节性湿地的独特系统。巨大的巴纳纳尔平原是克拉通内的一个沉积盆地，充满了阿拉瓜地层的更新世沉积物。 Bananal岛占地约200万公顷，是Bananal平原的主要地貌特征。野外工作和对MODIS-VI和Landsat ETM影像的时间序列的分析使我们能够区分Bananal岛上的Cerrado植物地貌。创建了植被和地貌单位图，并从地貌与植被类型之间的相关性中确定了形态植被单位。我们的方法使我们可以假设，更新世的地貌强烈地影响着植被单位的分布（如果不是占主导地位的话）。例如，当前画廊森林的分布不仅由活跃的洪泛区控制，而且还由撕蚀遗弃的冲积带控制。此外，树栖的Cerrado植被受到Araguaia组沉积物上发育的红土的支持。这些不活跃的地貌中的某些被当今的地貌过程部分地修改，并被从冲积森林到塞拉多的演替植被所定居。 Araguaia组的泥质沉积物和季节性的高降雨使平坦的地势平坦，排水受阻，有利于区域性季节性湿地的发展。巴纳纳尔平原是了解南美热带地区第四纪气候和生物地理变化的关键区域。第四纪遗留地貌对当前植被单元的控制显示出景观地貌与生态格局之间的紧密联系。这种多学科的方法可以更好地了解塞拉多-亚马逊过渡带的生物地理模式，这对于识别和设计保护区很有用。

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