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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Southern African Studies >Early Struggles over Water: From Private to Public Water Utility in the City of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, 1894–1924
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Early Struggles over Water: From Private to Public Water Utility in the City of Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, 1894–1924

机译：水资源方面的早期斗争：津巴布韦布拉瓦约市的私人供水公司到公共供水公司，1894-1924年

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摘要

The contemporary social and political struggles between the city of Bulawayo and the Zimbabwean state over the control of water are reminiscent of earlier contestations during the first three decades after Bulawayo's establishment in 1894. During that period, the Bulawayo City Council (BCC) was locked in conflict with the Bulawayo Waterworks Company (BWC), a private concern, which won rights from the British South Africa Company (BSAC) to supply water to the fledgling colonial city in 1895. Supported by the city's white ratepayers, the Bulawayo municipality was successful in taking over the city's water supply in 1924. This article examines the conflict between the BWC and the BCC. It emphasises that the BCC's municipal power over Bulawayo was predicated upon water control, among other things. The article argues that, with the current postcolonial state's attempts to seize the role of water supply from the BCC, and hand it over to ZINWA - a parastatal created in the wake of the 1998 Water Act - the control of water in Bulawayo has come full circle. It further contends that the intensity of the recent (2007) opposition to ZINWA's overtures in Bulawayo has its antecedents in the rejection of the BWC by the municipality in the formative years of Bulawayo. When the BCC and the Bulawayo residents invoked the history of the city's ownership and infrastructural development of its water resources a century later, they were referring to the days when the municipality of Bulawayo took over water provision from the BWC. This sense of ownership was rooted in the work of their forefathers who had built and invested in a formidable reticulation structure. This conflict exemplifies the centrality of water to municipal power in both the colonial and postcolonial periods.
机译：布拉瓦约市和津巴布韦国家之间在水控制方面的当代社会和政治斗争让人想起了1894年布拉瓦约成立后的头三个十年中的较早竞选。在此期间，布拉瓦约市议会（BCC）被锁定在与私人关注的布拉瓦约水务公司（BWC）发生冲突，该公司在1895年获得了英国南非公司（BSAC）的权利，为刚刚起步的殖民城市供水。在该市白人纳税人的支持下，布拉瓦约市在接管了1924年该市的供水。本文研究了BWC和BCC之间的冲突。它强调说，BCC对布拉瓦约的市政权力是基于水控制等。文章认为，随着当前的后殖民国家试图从BCC手中夺取水的角色，并将其移交给ZINWA（在1998年《水法》之后建立的半官方状态），对Bulawayo的水的控制已经全面圈。它还进一步争辩说，最近（2007年）反对ZINWA在布拉瓦约的提议的激烈程度有其先例，在布拉瓦约的形成时期，市政当局拒绝了《生物武器公约》。一个世纪后，当BCC和Bulawayo居民援引这座城市的所有权和其水资源的基础设施发展的历史时，他们指的是Bulawayo市从BWC接管供水的日子。这种主人翁意识植根于其祖先的工作，他们建造并投资了强大的网状结构。这场冲突说明了殖民时期和后殖民时期水对市政权力的中心地位。

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