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Planetary Defense Mission Using Guided Collision of Near-Earth Objects

机译:利用近地天体的引导碰撞进行的行星防御任务

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摘要

The Baseline Instrumented Lithology Lander, Inspector, and Asteroid Redirection Demonstration System is a proposed demonstration mission to characterize a small asteroid less than 10m in diameter and redirect it to collide with a larger asteroid hundreds of meters in diameter. This collision will disrupt the larger asteroid or alter its trajectory, thereby demonstrating a capability to prevent such an asteroid from colliding with Earth. The concept of redirecting a smaller asteroid into a larger asteroid is attractive for this type of mission because it uses natural kinetic energy available beyond Earth's gravity well for the majority of the energy delivered to the larger asteroid. By contrast, a kinetic impactor launched directly from Earth to its target must have all of its mass lifted out of Earth's gravity well. The proposed architecture allows for an impact energy of several terajoules without the use of nuclear devices. This work presents a novel approach to this type of kinetic impactor mission. In the proposed concept of operations, a spacecraft performs a controlled rendezvous and capture of the smaller asteroid. It then uses solar electric propulsion to redirect the asteroid over time onto a collision course. A high-thrust terminal guidance system is used to perform final trajectory adjustments in the hours leading to collision with the larger asteroid, ensuring a successful interception.
机译:基线仪器岩性着陆器,检查器和小行星重定向演示系统是拟议的演示任务,用于表征直径小于10m的小型小行星,并将其重定向以与直径数百米的较大小行星碰撞。这种碰撞将破坏较大的小行星或改变其轨迹,从而显示出防止这种小行星与地球碰撞的能力。将较小的小行星重定向到较大的小行星的概念对于这种类型的任务很有吸引力,因为它充分利用了地球重力以外可用的自然动能来传递较大的小行星的大部分能量。相比之下,从地球直接发射到目标的动力冲击器必须将其所有质量都很好地引出地球的重力。所提出的架构允许在不使用核装置的情况下产生数兆焦耳的冲击能量。这项工作提出了一种新颖的方法来执行这种类型的动力撞击任务。在提出的作战概念中,航天器执行受控的会合并捕获较小的小行星。然后,它利用太阳能推动小行星随着时间的推移重新定向到碰撞过程中。高推力终端制导系统用于在导致与较大小行星碰撞的小时内执行最终轨迹调整,以确保成功拦截。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets》 |2017年第5期|985-992|共8页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, 3179 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, 3179 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, 3179 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA;

    NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Nav & Mission Design Branch, 8800 Greenbelt Rd,Mail Stop 595, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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