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Minimum-Fuel Powered Descent for Mars Pinpoint Landing

机译:火星精确着陆的最小燃料动力下降

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Motivated by the requirement for pinpoint landing in future Mars missions, we consider the problem of minimum-fuel powered terminal descent to a prescribed landing site. The first-order necessary conditions are derived and interpreted for a point-mass model with throttle and thrust angle control and for rigid-body model with throttle and angular velocity control, clarifying the characteristics of the minimum-fuel solution in each case. The optimal thrust magnitude profile is bang-bang for both models; for the point-mass, the most general thrust magnitude profile has a maxhnum-minimum-maximum structure. The optimal thrust direction law for the point-mass model (alignment with the primer vector) corresponds to a singular solution for the rigid-body model. Whether the point-mass solution accurately approximates the rigid-body solution depends on the thrust direction boundary conditions imposed for the rigid-body model. Minimum-fuel solutions, obtained numerically, illustrate the optimal strategies.
机译:出于在未来的火星飞行任务中精确着陆的要求的推动,我们考虑了最低燃料动力终端下降到指定着陆点的问题。对于具有节气门和推力角控制的点质量模型以及具有节气门和角速度控制的刚体模型,推导并解释了一阶必要条件,从而阐明了每种情况下的最小燃料解的特征。两种型号的最佳推力幅度曲线都是爆炸式的。对于点质量,最一般的推力强度曲线具有最大最小最小最大结构。点质量模型(与引物向量对齐)的最佳推力方向定律对应于刚体模型的奇异解。点质量解是否精确地近似于刚体解取决于对刚体模型施加的推力方向边界条件。通过数字获得的最小燃料解决方案说明了最佳策略。

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