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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets >Mars Sample Return: Testing the Last Meter of Rendezvous and Sample Capture
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Mars Sample Return: Testing the Last Meter of Rendezvous and Sample Capture

机译：火星样本返回：测试最后一米的交会和样本捕获

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One of the key challenges of a future Mars sample return mission is the autonomous capture of an orbiting sample canister, previously lofted from the Martian surface, by an Earth Return Vehicle. To accomplish the capture, the latter spacecraft rendezvous with the sample canister and captures it using a capture cone. Understanding the capture dynamics between the sample canister and capture cone in the zero gravity environment is paramount to designing an effective capture mechanism. Moreover, testing and validating the sample capture event in a zero gravity environment is a crucial, though challenging, element to ensure mission success. Although ground-based simulations and flat-floor facilities are cost-effective, they are lacking the required fidelity. On the other hand, space-based testing opportunities provide a true zero gravity environment, but are prohibitive because of their costs. This paper presents a novel, efficient, and cost-effective way to test and validate the "last-meter" rendezvous and capture event. The testing strategy exploits the zero gravity periods provided by NASA's C-9 parabolic aircraft and a novel free-floating test setup that allows the exploration of various capture conditions in a controlled manner. The testing methodology and test hardware are described, and the results and lessons learned from a weeklong flight test campaign are discussed. The methodology and the conclusions described herein can serve as a pathfinder for the test and validation of other zero gravity capture events including those envisioned for future planetary sample return missions.
机译：未来火星样本返回任务的主要挑战之一是地球返回飞行器自动捕获先前从火星表面升空的轨道样本罐。为了完成捕获，后一个航天器与样品罐汇合，并使用捕获锥对其进行捕获。了解零重力环境下样品罐和捕获锥之间的捕获动力学对设计有效的捕获机制至关重要。此外，在零重力环境下测试和验证样本捕获事件是确保任务成功的关键但至关重要的元素。尽管基于地面的模拟和地板设施是具有成本效益的，但它们缺乏所需的保真度。另一方面，天基测试机会提供了真正的零重力环境，但由于成本高昂，因此被禁止。本文提出了一种新颖，有效且具有成本效益的方法来测试和验证“最后一个仪表”的会合和捕获事件。该测试策略利用了NASA C-9抛物线飞机提供的零重力周期以及一种新颖的自由浮动测试装置，该装置可以以受控方式探索各种捕获条件。描述了测试方法和测试硬件，并讨论了为期一周的飞行测试活动的结果和经验教训。本文所述的方法和结论可以充当探路者，以测试和验证其他零重力捕获事件，包括为将来的行星样本返回任务所设想的事件。

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